PMID- 21902740
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111229
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1365-2702 (Electronic)
IS  - 0962-1067 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 19-20
DP  - 2011 Oct
TI  - Development of a psychosocial adaptation questionnaire for Chinese patients with 
      visual impairments.
PG  - 2822-9
LID - 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03813.x [doi]
AB  - AIM: To develop a psychosocial adaptation questionnaire for Chinese patients with 
      visual impairments and to examine its reliability and validity. BACKGROUND: 
      Psychosocial adaptation with disease has been studied, however, there have been 
      few reports on the impact of visual impairment on psychosocial adaptation. An 
      instrument has not been developed to assess psychosocial adaptation with visual 
      impairment specifically for patients in China. METHODS: Both qualitative and 
      quantitative research methods were used. A questionnaire was developed based on 
      the concept of psychosocial adaptation with visual impairment. Items for the 
      questionnaire were developed by reviewing the literature and carrying out a 
      semi-structured interview with 12 visually impaired patients. Five 
      ophthalmologists and ten patients evaluated the content validity and face 
      validity of the questionnaire, respectively. The method of convenient sampling 
      was used to select 213 visually impaired patients in the Ophthalmology Department 
      of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University to participate in 
      the study. Discriminative index and item-total correlation analyses were used to 
      delete items that were lower than a set criterion. Regarding construct validity, 
      factor analysis was performed. The Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), General 
      Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and Self Acceptance Questionnaire (SAQ) were used to 
      evaluate criterion validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used as an index of 
      internal consistency. To evaluate test-retest reliability, 50 patients were 
      re-evaluated after 24 hours. RESULTS: A total of 204 questionnaire items were 
      created. 22 items were deleted by discriminative index and item-total correlation 
      before factor analysis; 38 items were entered into the model for factor analysis. 
      Seven factors were extracted by using principal factor analysis and varimax 
      rotation, with a cumulative contribution of 59.18%. The correlation coefficients 
      between the psychosocial adaptation questionnaire for visual impairment and the 
      SAS, GSES and SAQ were -0.771, 0.754 and 0.722, respectively (p < 0.01). The 
      Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the psychosocial adaptation questionnaire was 
      0.948. The alpha coefficients of seven sub-questionnaires ranged from 0.56-0.89. 
      The correlation coefficients for the total questionnaire and seven 
      sub-questionnaires ranged from 0.97-0.99 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The results of 
      this study confirmed the reliability and validity of the 38-item psychosocial 
      adaptation questionnaire for the visually impaired in China. It therefore can be 
      used as a measurement tool for widespread, cost-effective clinical assessment and 
      further research. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The new tool may help nurses 
      and other clinical personnel to evaluate the psychosocial adaptation of visually 
      impaired patients and provide a suitable basis for assisting with adaptation to 
      visual impairment and enhancing quality of life.
CI  - (c) 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
FAU - Zhang, Xiu-jie
AU  - Zhang XJ
AD  - Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 
      Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
FAU - Wang, Ai-ping
AU  - Wang AP
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Validation Study
PL  - England
TA  - J Clin Nurs
JT  - Journal of clinical nursing
JID - 9207302
MH  - *Adaptation, Physiological
MH  - *Adaptation, Psychological
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - China
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - Vision Disorders/physiopathology/*psychology
EDAT- 2011/09/10 06:00
MHDA- 2011/12/30 06:00
CRDT- 2011/09/10 06:00
PHST- 2011/09/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/09/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/12/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03813.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Nurs. 2011 Oct;20(19-20):2822-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03813.x.