PMID- 21912388
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111220
LR  - 20221109
IS  - 1476-5497 (Electronic)
IS  - 0307-0565 (Linking)
VI  - 35 Suppl 3
DP  - 2011 Sep
TI  - Bariatric surgeries: beyond restriction and malabsorption.
PG  - S45-9
LID - 10.1038/ijo.2011.148 [doi]
AB  - Behavioral and pharmaceutical intervention to treat obesity and its comorbidities 
      typically results in only a 5-10% weight loss. Thus, bariatric surgery is the 
      most effective obesity treatment with some surgeries resulting in 30% sustained 
      weight loss. Although this degree of weight loss has profound metabolic impact, 
      these surgeries seem to have metabolic effects that are independent of weight 
      loss. In support of this is the clinical literature showing rapid resolution of 
      Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that occurs before significant weight loss. To 
      gain a complete understanding of the weight loss-independent effects of bariatric 
      surgery, animal models have been developed. These are becoming more widely 
      implemented and allow the use of pair-fed or weight-matched sham-operated 
      controls in order to gain mechanistic insights into the mode of action of 
      bariatric surgery. Increases in anorectic gut hormones, such as glucagon-like 
      peptide-1 and peptide YY, or decreases in the orexigenic hormone ghrelin have 
      been seen and are implicated as mediators of weight loss-independent actions of 
      bariatric surgery. Changes in nutrient processing and sensing may also have a 
      mechanistic role that is independent of, or that regulates, gut hormone responses 
      to these surgeries. Ultimately, the hope is that understanding the mechanisms of 
      bariatric surgeries will aid in the development of less invasive surgeries or 
      pharmacological therapies that are more specifically, and perhaps individually, 
      targeted at weight loss and/or resolution of T2DM.
FAU - Sandoval, D
AU  - Sandoval D
AD  - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, 
      University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45227-0506, USA. Darleen.sandoval@uc.edu
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Int J Obes (Lond)
JT  - International journal of obesity (2005)
JID - 101256108
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Gastrointestinal Hormones)
RN  - 106388-42-5 (Peptide YY)
RN  - 89750-14-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide 1)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blood Glucose/metabolism
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism/*surgery
MH  - *Gastric Bypass
MH  - Gastrointestinal Hormones/*metabolism
MH  - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Malabsorption Syndromes/etiology/*prevention & control
MH  - Peptide YY/metabolism
MH  - *Weight Loss
EDAT- 2011/09/23 06:00
MHDA- 2011/12/21 06:00
CRDT- 2011/09/14 06:00
PHST- 2011/09/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/09/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/12/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijo2011148 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/ijo.2011.148 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Obes (Lond). 2011 Sep;35 Suppl 3:S45-9. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2011.148.