PMID- 21917659
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120221
LR  - 20230605
IS  - 1468-201X (Electronic)
IS  - 1355-6037 (Print)
IS  - 1355-6037 (Linking)
VI  - 98
IP  - 3
DP  - 2012 Feb
TI  - Effect of rural-to-urban within-country migration on cardiovascular risk factors 
      in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.
PG  - 185-94
LID - 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300599 [doi]
AB  - CONTEXT: Limited information is available of effects of rural-to-urban 
      within-country migration on cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in low- and middle- 
      income countries (LMIC). OBJECTIVE: A systematic review of studies evaluating 
      these effects was performed with rural and/or urban control groups. STUDY 
      SELECTION: Two teams of investigators searched observational studies in Medline, 
      Web of Science and Scopus until May 2011. Studies evaluating international 
      migration were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION: Three investigators extracted the 
      information stratified by gender. Information on 17 known CV risk factors was 
      obtained. RESULTS: Eighteen studies (n=58,536) were included. Studies were highly 
      heterogeneous with respect to study design, migrant sampling frame, migrant urban 
      exposure and reported CV risk factors. In migrants, commonly reported CV risk 
      factors-systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, obesity, total 
      cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-were usually higher or more common than 
      in the rural group and usually lower or less common than in the urban group. This 
      gradient was usually present in both genders. Anthropometric (waist-to-hip ratio, 
      hip/waist circumference, triceps skinfolds) and metabolic (fasting 
      glucose/insulin, insulin resistance) risk factors usually followed the same 
      gradient, but conclusions were weak as information was insufficient. 
      Hypertension, high-density lipoprotein, fibrinogen and C-reactive protein did not 
      follow any pattern. CONCLUSIONS: In LMIC, most but not all, CV risk factors are 
      higher or more common in migrants than in rural groups but lower or less common 
      than in urban groups. Such gradients may or may not be associated with 
      differential CV events and long-term evaluations are necessary.
FAU - Hernandez, Adrian V
AU  - Hernandez AV
AD  - Health Outcomes and Clinical Epidemiology Section, Department of Quantitative 
      Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH 44195, USA. 
      adrianhernandezdiaz@gmail.com
FAU - Pasupuleti, Vinay
AU  - Pasupuleti V
FAU - Deshpande, Abhishek
AU  - Deshpande A
FAU - Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio
AU  - Bernabe-Ortiz A
FAU - Miranda, J Jaime
AU  - Miranda JJ
LA  - eng
GR  - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
GR  - 074833/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
GR  - HHSN268200900033C/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20110913
PL  - England
TA  - Heart
JT  - Heart (British Cardiac Society)
JID - 9602087
SB  - IM
CIN - Heart. 2012 Feb;98(4):271-3. PMID: 22107758
MH  - Cardiovascular Diseases/*epidemiology
MH  - *Developing Countries
MH  - Humans
MH  - Morbidity/trends
MH  - *Population Dynamics
MH  - Poverty
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - *Rural Population
MH  - *Urban Population
PMC - PMC3272377
MID - UKMS40462
OID - NLM: UKMS40462
EDAT- 2011/09/16 06:00
MHDA- 2012/02/22 06:00
PMCR- 2012/02/05
CRDT- 2011/09/16 06:00
PHST- 2011/09/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/09/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/02/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/02/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - heartjnl-2011-300599 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300599 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Heart. 2012 Feb;98(3):185-94. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300599. Epub 2011 Sep 
      13.