PMID- 21924184
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120117
LR  - 20110919
IS  - 1878-3554 (Electronic)
IS  - 0099-2399 (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 10
DP  - 2011 Oct
TI  - Up-regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 in inflamed human 
      dental pulp.
PG  - 1370-5
LID - 10.1016/j.joen.2011.06.008 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: The innate immune response is activated by recognition of microbial 
      components through specific pattern recognition receptors including 
      nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors. However, the 
      regulation of NOD-1 in inflamed human dental pulp remains poorly understood. This 
      study aimed to evaluate the expression of NOD-1 in healthy and inflamed human 
      dental pulps. In addition, the secretion of chemokines induced by NOD-1 and the 
      related signaling pathways were studied. METHODS: Samples of human dental pulp 
      tissues were obtained from freshly extracted wisdom teeth. The protein 
      localization of NOD-1 in the pulp tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. 
      In addition, human dental pulp fibroblasts were stimulated with NOD-1 agonist 
      gamma-D-glutamylmeso-diaminopimelic acid. Production of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and 
      monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was determined by an enzyme-linked 
      immunosorbent assay. The involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 
      signaling pathways was examined by Western blot analysis, and the association of 
      MAPK signaling with chemokine production was determined. RESULTS: The results 
      demonstrated the expression of NOD-1 in normal dental pulp, and up-regulated 
      NOD-1 expression was observed in inflamed dental pulp. On stimulation with NOD-1 
      agonist, production of IL-8 and MCP-1 was induced in a dose-dependent manner. 
      Moreover, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was 
      enhanced by stimulation of NOD-1. With the treatment of p38 MAPK and JNK 
      inhibitors, the NOD-1-induced IL-8 production was suppressed. CONCLUSIONS: In 
      response to microbial invasion, the expression of NOD-1 can be regulated in a 
      ligand-inducible manner. NOD-1 might participate in pulp inflammation through 
      chemokine production via MAPK signaling pathways.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. 
      All rights reserved.
FAU - Lee, Ya-Yun
AU  - Lee YY
AD  - Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
FAU - Chan, Chi-Hang
AU  - Chan CH
FAU - Hung, Shan-Ling
AU  - Hung SL
FAU - Chen, Yi-Chen
AU  - Chen YC
FAU - Lee, Yuan-Ho
AU  - Lee YH
FAU - Yang, Shue-Fen
AU  - Yang SF
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110727
PL  - United States
TA  - J Endod
JT  - Journal of endodontics
JID - 7511484
RN  - 0 (Chemokine CCL2)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-8)
RN  - 0 (NOD1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.24 (JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.24 (p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases)
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Chemokine CCL2/biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - Dental Pulp/cytology/immunology/metabolism
MH  - Fibroblasts/immunology/metabolism
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation
MH  - Humans
MH  - Interleukin-8/*biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
MH  - MAP Kinase Signaling System
MH  - Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein/agonists/*biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - Phosphorylation
MH  - Pulpitis/*immunology/*metabolism
MH  - Statistics, Nonparametric
MH  - Up-Regulation
MH  - p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
EDAT- 2011/09/20 06:00
MHDA- 2012/01/18 06:00
CRDT- 2011/09/20 06:00
PHST- 2011/01/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/06/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/06/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/09/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/09/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/01/18 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0099-2399(11)00711-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.joen.2011.06.008 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Endod. 2011 Oct;37(10):1370-5. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.06.008. Epub 2011 Jul 
      27.