PMID- 21965036
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120619
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1432-1084 (Electronic)
IS  - 0938-7994 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 2
DP  - 2012 Feb
TI  - Liver haemostasis using microbubble-enhanced ultrasound at a low acoustic 
      intensity.
PG  - 379-86
LID - 10.1007/s00330-011-2273-5 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To explore the haemostatic effects of microbubble-enhanced ultrasound 
      (MEUS) at a very low acoustic intensity on the bleeding liver of rabbits. 
      METHODS: Liver incisions made on 20 rabbits were treated with a pulsed 
      therapeutic ultrasound transducer. The transducer was operated at 831 KHz with an 
      acoustic intensity of 0.4 W/cm(2). The treatment was coordinated with intravenous 
      injection of microbubbles. Ultrasound only and sham treatment served as the 
      controls. Visual bleeding score and 10-min bleeding volume were evaluated for 
      haemostatic efficacy. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was performed to assess 
      the liver perfusion. Nine treated livers were harvested for acute histological 
      examination. RESULTS: Regarding the bleeding incisions made on rabbit livers, the 
      haemorrhage stopped immediately after 2 min of MEUS treatment but bleeding 
      continued in the controls treated by ultrasound or microbubble injection alone. 
      The bleeding scores and the 10-min haemorrhagic volumes dropped significantly in 
      the MEUS group compared with those of the controls (p < 0.01). The mechanism of 
      MEUS haemostasis appears to involve the extensive swelling of hepatocytes and the 
      haemorrhage of the portal area, which formed a joint compression on the regional 
      liver circulation. CONCLUSIONS: Low acoustic intensity MEUS might provide a novel 
      method for liver haemostasis. KEY POINTS: * This animal experiment demonstrates a 
      novel method of controlling hepatic haemorrhage * The treatment uses therapeutic 
      ultrasound during enhancement with intravenous microbubbles * This combined 
      therapy was more effective than ultrasound or intravenous microbubbles alone * 
      More work is required with larger animals before potential human trials.
FAU - Zhao, Xiaochen
AU  - Zhao X
AD  - Department of Ultrasound, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical 
      University, Chongqing 400037, China.
FAU - Li, Lu
AU  - Li L
FAU - Zhao, Hongzhi
AU  - Zhao H
FAU - Li, Tao
AU  - Li T
FAU - Wu, Shengzheng
AU  - Wu S
FAU - Zhong, Yu
AU  - Zhong Y
FAU - Zhao, Yang
AU  - Zhao Y
FAU - Liu, Zheng
AU  - Liu Z
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20111001
PL  - Germany
TA  - Eur Radiol
JT  - European radiology
JID - 9114774
RN  - 0 (Contrast Media)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acoustics
MH  - Animals
MH  - Contrast Media/pharmacology
MH  - Hemorrhage/pathology/*therapy
MH  - *Hemostasis
MH  - Hepatocytes/pathology
MH  - Liver/*diagnostic imaging/pathology
MH  - Liver Diseases/*diagnostic imaging/*therapy
MH  - *Microbubbles
MH  - Necrosis
MH  - Rabbits
MH  - Transducers
MH  - Ultrasonic Therapy/*methods
MH  - Ultrasonics/*methods
MH  - Ultrasonography
EDAT- 2011/10/04 06:00
MHDA- 2012/06/20 06:00
CRDT- 2011/10/04 06:00
PHST- 2011/05/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/07/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/07/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/10/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/10/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/06/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s00330-011-2273-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur Radiol. 2012 Feb;22(2):379-86. doi: 10.1007/s00330-011-2273-5. Epub 2011 Oct 
      1.