PMID- 21987618
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120118
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 2219-2840 (Electronic)
IS  - 1007-9327 (Print)
IS  - 1007-9327 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 33
DP  - 2011 Sep 7
TI  - Intestinal dendritic cells in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.
PG  - 3761-75
LID - 10.3748/wjg.v17.i33.3761 [doi]
AB  - The gastrointestinal tract harbors a large number and diverse array of commensal 
      bacteria and is an important entry site for pathogens. For these reasons, the 
      intestinal immune system is uniquely dedicated to protect against infections, 
      while avoiding the development of destructive inflammatory responses to the 
      microbiota. Several models have been proposed to explain how the immune system 
      discriminates between, and appropriately responds to, commensal and pathogenic 
      microorganisms. Dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T cells (Treg) are 
      instrumental in maintaining immune homeostasis and tolerance in the gut. DCs are 
      virtually omnipresent and are remarkably plastic, having the ability to adapt to 
      the influences of the microenvironment. Different DC populations with partially 
      overlapping phenotypic and functional properties have been described in different 
      anatomical locations. DCs in the draining mesenteric lymph nodes, in the 
      intestinal lamina propria and in Peyer's patches partake both in the control of 
      intestinal inflammation and in the maintenance of gut tolerance. In this respect, 
      gut-resident DCs and macrophages exert tolerogenic functions as they regularly 
      encounter and sense commensal bacteria. In contrast, migrating DC subsets that 
      are recruited to the gut as a result of pathogenic insults initiate immune 
      responses. Importantly, tolerogenic DCs act by promoting the differentiation and 
      expansion of Treg cells that efficiently modulate gut inflammation, as shown both 
      in pre-clinical models of colitis and in patients with inflammatory bowel disease 
      (IBD). This article reviews the phenotypic and functional features of gut DC 
      subsets and discusses the current evidence underpinning the DC contribution to 
      the pathogenesis of the major clinical subtypes of human IBD. It also addresses 
      the potential clinical benefit derived from DC targeting either in vivo or in 
      vitro.
FAU - Rutella, Sergio
AU  - Rutella S
AD  - Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, IRCCS Children's Hospital "Bambino 
      Gesu" 00165 Rome, Italy. sergio.rutella@opbg.net
FAU - Locatelli, Franco
AU  - Locatelli F
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - World J Gastroenterol
JT  - World journal of gastroenterology
JID - 100883448
RN  - 0 (Antigens, CD)
RN  - 0 (Immunologic Factors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adoptive Transfer
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antigens, CD/immunology
MH  - Cell Lineage
MH  - Dendritic Cells/*immunology/microbiology/pathology/*physiology
MH  - Gastrointestinal Tract/anatomy & histology/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Tolerance/immunology
MH  - Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use
MH  - Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/*immunology/microbiology/*physiopathology/therapy
MH  - Intestinal Mucosa/*cytology/*immunology
MH  - Lymph Nodes/cytology/immunology
MH  - Probiotics/therapeutic use
MH  - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology/immunology
PMC - PMC3181437
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cytokine
OT  - Dendritic cell
OT  - Gut
OT  - Inflammatory bowel disease
OT  - Regulatory T cells
OT  - Tolerance
EDAT- 2011/10/12 06:00
MHDA- 2012/01/19 06:00
PMCR- 2011/09/07
CRDT- 2011/10/12 06:00
PHST- 2010/10/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/01/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/01/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/10/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/10/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/01/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2011/09/07 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3748/wjg.v17.i33.3761 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - World J Gastroenterol. 2011 Sep 7;17(33):3761-75. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i33.3761.