PMID- 22040675
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120402
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1095-9947 (Electronic)
IS  - 1050-4648 (Linking)
VI  - 32
IP  - 1
DP  - 2012 Jan
TI  - In vivo innate immune responses of groper (Polyprion oxygeneios) against 
      Miamiensis avidus infection and lack of protection following dietary vitamin C 
      administration.
PG  - 8-15
LID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.08.017 [doi]
AB  - Scuticociliates are extracellular histophagous parasites that affect farmed fish 
      worldwide. One of the most common pathogenic species is Miamiensis avidus, a 
      pathogen of New Zealand groper (Polyprion oxygeneios). The aim of this study was 
      to characterise both the host (groper)-parasite (M. avidus) immune interactions 
      and the possible protective role of dietary sodium ascorbate. Head-kidney 
      leucocytes (HKLs) from naturally infected adult groper showed decreased 
      respiratory burst response and peroxidase (Px) levels than healthy individuals. 
      Infected groper also had significantly higher serum Px levels compared to 
      controls. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) was inhibited in the head-kidney (HK) whereas 
      MPO(+) cells were observed in the skin and muscle lesions. The inhibition of the 
      innate immune responses was further studied in experimental infections with 
      M. avidus, which confirmed depletion of Px inside leucocytes and marked increases 
      in serum Px in infected individuals. Groper juveniles were fed a diet 
      supplemented with sodium ascorbate (Vitamin C) (2g Kg(-1)) for 21 days and then 
      challenged by subcutaneous injection or immersion exposure with live M. avidus 
      cells. No protection was observed in the sodium ascorbate fed groper compared to 
      the control diet following challenge by either injection or immersion. In vitro 
      assays showed that sodium ascorbate itself results in the inhibition of Px and 
      respiratory burst of groper HKLs, supporting the results obtained in vivo. Our 
      results show that histophagous protozoa such as M. avidus hamper innate immune 
      defences of fish hosts and that dietary sodium ascorbate does not protect groper 
      against experimental infection with this parasite.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Salinas, Irene
AU  - Salinas I
AD  - Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, PO Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New 
      Zealand. isalinas@unm.edu
FAU - Anderson, Sally A
AU  - Anderson SA
FAU - Wright, Jonathan
AU  - Wright J
FAU - Webb, Victoria L
AU  - Webb VL
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20111024
PL  - England
TA  - Fish Shellfish Immunol
JT  - Fish & shellfish immunology
JID - 9505220
RN  - PQ6CK8PD0R (Ascorbic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Ascorbic Acid/*immunology
MH  - Ciliophora Infections/immunology/pathology/prevention & control/*veterinary
MH  - Diet/veterinary
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Fish Diseases/*immunology/parasitology/pathology/prevention & control
MH  - *Immunity, Innate
MH  - Oligohymenophorea/*immunology
MH  - Perciformes/immunology/parasitology
MH  - Respiratory Burst/immunology
EDAT- 2011/11/02 06:00
MHDA- 2012/04/03 06:00
CRDT- 2011/11/02 06:00
PHST- 2011/05/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/08/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/08/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/11/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/11/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/04/03 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1050-4648(11)00322-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.08.017 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2012 Jan;32(1):8-15. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.08.017. Epub 
      2011 Oct 24.