PMID- 22089303
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120419
LR  - 20191112
IS  - 1543-2742 (Electronic)
IS  - 1526-484X (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 6
DP  - 2011 Dec
TI  - Unilateral fluid absorption and effects on peak power after ingestion of 
      commercially available hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic sports drinks.
PG  - 480-91
AB  - Isotonic sports drinks are often consumed to offset the effects of dehydration 
      and improve endurance performance, but hypotonic drinks may be more advantageous. 
      The purpose of the study was to compare absorption and effects on performance of 
      a commercially available hypotonic sports drink (Mizone Rapid: 3.9% carbohydrate 
      [CHO], 218 mOsmol/kg) with those of an isotonic drink (PowerAde: 7.6% CHO, 281 
      mOsmol/ kg), a hypertonic drink (Gatorade: 6% CHO, 327 mOsmol/kg), and a 
      noncaloric placebo (8 mOsmol/kg). In a crossover, 11 cyclists consumed each drink 
      on separate days at 250 ml/15 min during a 2-hr preload ride at 55% peak power 
      followed by an incremental test to exhaustion. Small to moderate increases in 
      deuterium oxide enrichment in the preload were observed with Mizone Rapid 
      relative to PowerAde, Gatorade, and placebo (differences of 88, 45, and 42 parts 
      per million, respectively; 90% confidence limits +/-28). Serum osmolality was 
      moderately lower with Mizone Rapid than with PowerAde and Gatorade (-1.9, -2.4; 
      mOsmol/L; +/-1.2 mOsmol/L) but not clearly different vs. placebo. Plasma volume 
      reduction was small to moderate with Mizone Rapid, PowerAde, and Gatorade 
      relative to placebo (-1.9%, -2.5%, -2.9%; +/- 2.5%). Gut comfort was highest with 
      Mizone Rapid but clearly different (8.4% +/- 4.8%) only vs PowerAde. Peak power was 
      highest with Mizone Rapid (380 W) vs. placebo and other drinks (1.2-3.0%; 99% 
      confidence limits +/-4.7%), but differences were inconclusive with reference to the 
      smallest important effect (~1.2%). The outcomes are consistent with fastest fluid 
      absorption with the hypotonic sports drink. Further research should determine 
      whether the effect has a meaningful impact on performance.
FAU - Rowlands, David S
AU  - Rowlands DS
AD  - School of Sport and Exercise, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand.
FAU - Bonetti, Darrell L
AU  - Bonetti DL
FAU - Hopkins, Will G
AU  - Hopkins WG
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
JT  - International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
JID - 100939812
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - J65BV539M3 (Deuterium Oxide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Beverages
MH  - Bicycling/*physiology
MH  - Cross-Over Studies
MH  - Dehydration/*prevention & control
MH  - Deuterium Oxide/*blood
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Drinking/*physiology
MH  - Exercise/*physiology
MH  - Gastrointestinal Tract/drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intestinal Absorption
MH  - Male
MH  - Osmolar Concentration
MH  - Physical Exertion/physiology
MH  - Plasma Volume/drug effects
MH  - Serum/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2011/11/18 06:00
MHDA- 2012/04/20 06:00
CRDT- 2011/11/18 06:00
PHST- 2011/11/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/11/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/04/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1123/ijsnem.21.6.480 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2011 Dec;21(6):480-91. doi: 
      10.1123/ijsnem.21.6.480.