PMID- 22097646
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111229
LR  - 20191027
IS  - 0095-6562 (Print)
IS  - 0095-6562 (Linking)
VI  - 82
IP  - 11
DP  - 2011 Nov
TI  - Medical policy development for human spaceflight at NASA: an evolution.
PG  - 1073-7
AB  - Codification of medical policy for the National Aeronautics and Space 
      Administration (NASA) did not occur until 1977. Policy development was based on 
      NASA's human spaceflight efforts from 1958, and the need to support the 
      operational aspects of the upcoming Space Shuttle Program as well as other future 
      activities. In 1958, the Space Task Group (STG), a part of the National Advisory 
      Committee on Aeronautics (NACA), became the focal point for astronaut selection, 
      medical support, and instrumentation development in support of Project Mercury. 
      NACA transitioned into NASA in 1958. The STG moved to Houston, TX, in 1961 and 
      became the Manned Spacecraft Center. During these early years, medical support 
      for astronaut selection and healthcare was provided through arrangements with the 
      U.S. military, specifically the United States Air Force, which had the largest 
      group of subject matter experts in aerospace medicine. Through most of the 1960s, 
      the military worked very closely with NASA in developing the foundations of 
      bioastronautics and space medicine. This work was complemented by select 
      individuals from outside the government. From 1958 to 1977, there was no standard 
      approach to medical policy formulation within NASA. During this time, it was 
      individualized and subjected to political pressures. This manuscript documents 
      the evolution of medical policy in the NASA, and provides a historical account of 
      the individuals, processes, and needs to develop policy.
FAU - Doarn, Charles R
AU  - Doarn CR
AD  - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 
      45267-0840, USA. charles.doarn@uc.edu
LA  - eng
PT  - Historical Article
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Aviat Space Environ Med
JT  - Aviation, space, and environmental medicine
JID - 7501714
SB  - IM
MH  - Advisory Committees
MH  - Aerospace Medicine/standards
MH  - *Astronauts
MH  - History, 20th Century
MH  - History, 21st Century
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Organizational Policy
MH  - Personnel Selection/*standards
MH  - *Policy Making
MH  - *Space Flight
MH  - United States
MH  - United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration
EDAT- 2011/11/22 06:00
MHDA- 2011/12/30 06:00
CRDT- 2011/11/22 06:00
PHST- 2011/11/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/11/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/12/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.3357/asem.3103.2011 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Aviat Space Environ Med. 2011 Nov;82(11):1073-7. doi: 10.3357/asem.3103.2011.