PMID- 22102657
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120117
LR  - 20111121
IS  - 1943-3700 (Electronic)
IS  - 0090-3558 (Linking)
VI  - 47
IP  - 4
DP  - 2011 Oct
TI  - Free-ranging wild boar: a disease threat to domestic pigs in Switzerland?
PG  - 868-79
AB  - The risk of transmission of pathogens from free-ranging wild boars (Sus scrofa 
      scrofa) to outdoor domestic pigs (S. scrofa domesticus) is of increasing concern 
      in many European countries. We assess this risk, using Switzerland as an example. 
      We estimated 1) the prevalence of important pathogens in wild boars and 2) the 
      risk of interactions between wild boars and outdoor pigs. First, we tested 252 
      wild boars from selected areas between 2008 and 2010 for infection with Brucella 
      spp. Bacterial prevalence was estimated to 28.8% (confidence interval [CI] 
      23.0-34.0) when using bacterial culture (B. suis Biovar 2) and real-time 
      polymerase chain reaction. Antibody prevalence was 35.8% (CI 30.0-42.0), which 
      was significantly higher than in previous studies in Switzerland. We also tested 
      233 wild boars for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). 
      Antibody prevalence was 0.43% (CI 0.01-2.4) for EU-PRRSV and real-time reverse 
      transcription polymerase chain reaction results were negative. These findings 
      suggest that B. suis is increasingly widespread in wild boars and PRRSV is 
      currently not of concern. Second, we documented the spatial overlap between 
      free-ranging wild boars and outdoor piggeries by mapping data on their respective 
      occurrence. Wild boars are most widespread in the mountain range along the 
      western and northern Swiss borders, while most piggeries are located in central 
      lowlands. A risk of interaction is mainly expected at the junction between these 
      two bioregions. This risk may increase if wild boars expand eastward and 
      southward beyond anthropogenic barriers believed to limit their range. Therefore, 
      we evaluated the potential of expansion of the wild boar population. Population 
      trends suggest a continuous increase of wild boars for the past 15 yr. 
      Surveillance of selected wildlife passages using cameras on highways and main 
      roads indicates that these barriers are permeable (average of up to 13 wild boar 
      crossings per 100 days). Thus an increase of wild boar range should be 
      considered. There may be a risk of B. suis spillover from wild boars in 
      Switzerland, which could increase in the future. Data on the occurrence of 
      interactions between pigs and wild boars are needed to assess this risk.
FAU - Wu, Natacha
AU  - Wu N
AD  - Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse 
      Faculty, University of Bern, Postfach 8466, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland.
FAU - Abril, Carlos
AU  - Abril C
FAU - Hinic, Vladimira
AU  - Hinic V
FAU - Brodard, Isabelle
AU  - Brodard I
FAU - Thur, Barbara
AU  - Thur B
FAU - Fattebert, Julien
AU  - Fattebert J
FAU - Hussy, Daniela
AU  - Hussy D
FAU - Ryser-Degiorgis, Marie-Pierre
AU  - Ryser-Degiorgis MP
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Wildl Dis
JT  - Journal of wildlife diseases
JID - 0244160
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Domestic
MH  - Animals, Wild
MH  - *Brucella suis
MH  - Brucellosis/epidemiology/transmission/*veterinary
MH  - Disease Transmission, Infectious/*veterinary
MH  - Female
MH  - Male
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/epidemiology/transmission
MH  - *Sus scrofa
MH  - Swine
MH  - Swine Diseases/*epidemiology/transmission
MH  - Switzerland/epidemiology
EDAT- 2011/11/22 06:00
MHDA- 2012/01/18 06:00
CRDT- 2011/11/22 06:00
PHST- 2011/11/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/11/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/01/18 06:00 [medline]
AID - 47/4/868 [pii]
AID - 10.7589/0090-3558-47.4.868 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Wildl Dis. 2011 Oct;47(4):868-79. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-47.4.868.