PMID- 22117835
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121214
LR  - 20220409
IS  - 1478-6362 (Electronic)
IS  - 1478-6354 (Print)
IS  - 1478-6354 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 6
DP  - 2011
TI  - Proteomic analysis of saliva: a unique tool to distinguish primary Sjogren's 
      syndrome from secondary Sjogren's syndrome and other sicca syndromes.
PG  - R194
LID - 10.1186/ar3523 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: A growing interest has arisen in salivary proteomics as a tool for 
      the identification of biomarkers for primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS). 
      Nonetheless, only a limited number of preclinical validation studies have been 
      performed, limiting the possibility of translating proteomic results into 
      clinical practice. The primary aim of this study was to refine the diagnostic 
      power of a panel of candidate salivary biomarkers described in pSS with respect 
      to both healthy volunteers and pathological controls. We also explored the 
      pathogenetic function of the detected putative biomarkers both in the local 
      exocrinopathy and in the systemic inflammatory processes of SS. METHODS: One 
      hundred and eighty patients were included in the study overall. In the first 
      "exploratory phase", we enrolled 40 females with pSS, 40 sex- and age-matched 
      healthy volunteers, 10 patients with sicca non-SS and 15 secondary SS (sSS) 
      patients. The testing cohort of the second "challenge phase" of the study was 
      represented by 75 unselected, consecutive subjects: 19 pSS, 21 healthy 
      volunteers, 10 sicca non-SS and 25 sSS patients. Salivary proteomic analysis was 
      performed combining two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) and matrix-assisted 
      laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). 
      Western blot (WB) analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were 
      employed to validate 2DE results. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) Knowledge base 
      was adopted to associate candidate biomarkers in a signalling pathogenetic 
      network. RESULTS: A total of 28, 6, 7 and 12 protein spots were found to be 
      significantly different in pSS samples with respect to healthy volunteers, non-SS 
      sicca syndrome, SSc-sSS and rheumatoid arthritis-sSS, leading to the 
      identification of 15 differently expressed proteins. Among them, alpha-amylases 
      precursor, carbonic anhydrase VI, beta-2 microglobulin, glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate 
      dehydrogenase (G3PDH), epidermal fatty acid binding protein (E-FABP) and 
      immunoglobulin k light chain (IGK-light chain) apparently showed the most 
      significant differences in pSS when compared to healthy volunteers and non-SS 
      pathological controls. On the other hand, as expected, pSS and sSS salivary 
      profiles shared a great number of similarities. CONCLUSIONS: This study 
      demonstrated that salivary fluid might represent a novel ideal milieu for the 
      detection of a diagnostic panel of candidate biomarkers for pSS, and to gain an 
      insight into the pathogenetic processes underlying glandular and systemic 
      autoimmune disorders.
FAU - Baldini, Chiara
AU  - Baldini C
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Pisa, Via Roma 
      67, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
FAU - Giusti, Laura
AU  - Giusti L
FAU - Ciregia, Federica
AU  - Ciregia F
FAU - Da Valle, Ylenia
AU  - Da Valle Y
FAU - Giacomelli, Camillo
AU  - Giacomelli C
FAU - Donadio, Elena
AU  - Donadio E
FAU - Sernissi, Francesca
AU  - Sernissi F
FAU - Bazzichi, Laura
AU  - Bazzichi L
FAU - Giannaccini, Gino
AU  - Giannaccini G
FAU - Bombardieri, Stefano
AU  - Bombardieri S
FAU - Lucacchini, Antonio
AU  - Lucacchini A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20111125
PL  - England
TA  - Arthritis Res Ther
JT  - Arthritis research & therapy
JID - 101154438
RN  - 0 (Immunoglobulin Light Chains)
RN  - 0 (Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains)
RN  - 0 (Proteome)
RN  - 0 (beta 2-Microglobulin)
RN  - EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-Amylases)
RN  - EC 4.2.1.11 (Phosphopyruvate Hydratase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Cluster Analysis
MH  - Diagnosis, Differential
MH  - Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunoglobulin Light Chains/metabolism
MH  - Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/metabolism
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Models, Biological
MH  - Phosphopyruvate Hydratase/metabolism
MH  - Principal Component Analysis
MH  - Proteome/*analysis
MH  - Proteomics/*methods
MH  - Saliva/*metabolism
MH  - Scleroderma, Systemic/complications
MH  - Signal Transduction
MH  - Sjogren's Syndrome/diagnosis/etiology/*metabolism
MH  - Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
MH  - alpha-Amylases/metabolism
MH  - beta 2-Microglobulin/metabolism
PMC - PMC3334644
EDAT- 2011/11/29 06:00
MHDA- 2012/12/15 06:00
PMCR- 2011/11/25
CRDT- 2011/11/29 06:00
PHST- 2011/05/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/07/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/11/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/11/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/11/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2011/11/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ar3523 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/ar3523 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Arthritis Res Ther. 2011;13(6):R194. doi: 10.1186/ar3523. Epub 2011 Nov 25.