PMID- 22154824
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120508
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1096-0295 (Electronic)
IS  - 0273-2300 (Linking)
VI  - 62
IP  - 1
DP  - 2012 Feb
TI  - Chitosan induced hepato-nephrotoxicity in mice with special reference to gender 
      effect in glycolytic enzymes activities.
PG  - 29-40
LID - 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.11.010 [doi]
AB  - Chitosan is an antilipidemic dietary supplement used as a diet aide. The present 
      study investigated the effect of sex-toxicity relationship between male and 
      female mice orally given two dose levels (150 and 300 mg/kg) for 35 days. 
      Chitosan treatment caused significant elevation in transaminases (ALT, AST) and 
      alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in liver and in serum urea and creatinine in dose 
      dependent manner; no sex differences between-treated groups. Lipid profile 
      parameters significantly decreased and significant increase in glycolytic enzymes 
      activities in all treatment groups. Female mice treated with chitosan (300 mg/kg) 
      had significant reduction in lipid profile parameters than the same dose of male 
      group. Phosphofructokinase (PFK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities 
      significantly enhanced without sex differences, while glucose phosphate isomerase 
      (GPI) and hexokinase (HK) significantly elevated in the higher dose of females 
      than male. Histopathological study of liver and kidney tissues showed moderate to 
      severe histopathological changes depend on the dose and gender difference. Image 
      analysis resulted significant depletion in glycogen and protein contents 
      especially in female more than male. These results indicated that female mice 
      were more susceptible to the toxic effect of chitosan than males when 
      administered with the higher dose for a long period.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Omara, Enayat A
AU  - Omara EA
AD  - Pathology Dept., National Research Centre, P.O. 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. 
      eomara67@hotmail.com
FAU - Aly, Hanan F
AU  - Aly HF
FAU - Nada, Somaia A
AU  - Nada SA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20111202
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Regul Toxicol Pharmacol
JT  - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP
JID - 8214983
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
RN  - 8W8T17847W (Urea)
RN  - 9005-79-2 (Glycogen)
RN  - 9012-76-4 (Chitosan)
RN  - AYI8EX34EU (Creatinine)
RN  - EC 2.6.1.1 (Aspartate Aminotransferases)
RN  - EC 2.6.1.2 (Alanine Transaminase)
RN  - EC 3.1.3.1 (Alkaline Phosphatase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alanine Transaminase/metabolism
MH  - Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism
MH  - Chitosan/*toxicity
MH  - Creatinine/blood
MH  - Female
MH  - Glycogen/metabolism
MH  - Kidney/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Lipids/blood
MH  - Liver/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Urea/blood
EDAT- 2011/12/14 06:00
MHDA- 2012/05/09 06:00
CRDT- 2011/12/14 06:00
PHST- 2011/06/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/11/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/11/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/12/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/12/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/05/09 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0273-2300(11)00239-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.11.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2012 Feb;62(1):29-40. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.11.010. 
      Epub 2011 Dec 2.