PMID- 22163406
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120815
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1424-8220 (Electronic)
IS  - 1424-8220 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 10
DP  - 2010
TI  - An intelligent architecture based on Field Programmable Gate Arrays designed to 
      detect moving objects by using Principal Component Analysis.
PG  - 9232-51
LID - 10.3390/s101009232 [doi]
AB  - This paper presents a complete implementation of the Principal Component Analysis 
      (PCA) algorithm in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) devices applied to high 
      rate background segmentation of images. The classical sequential execution of 
      different parts of the PCA algorithm has been parallelized. This parallelization 
      has led to the specific development and implementation in hardware of the 
      different stages of PCA, such as computation of the correlation matrix, matrix 
      diagonalization using the Jacobi method and subspace projections of images. On 
      the application side, the paper presents a motion detection algorithm, also 
      entirely implemented on the FPGA, and based on the developed PCA core. This 
      consists of dynamically thresholding the differences between the input image and 
      the one obtained by expressing the input image using the PCA linear subspace 
      previously obtained as a background model. The proposal achieves a high ratio of 
      processed images (up to 120 frames per second) and high quality segmentation 
      results, with a completely embedded and reliable hardware architecture based on 
      commercial CMOS sensors and FPGA devices.
FAU - Bravo, Ignacio
AU  - Bravo I
AD  - Electronics Department, University Alcala, Escuela Politecnica, Campus 
      Universitario, Ctra. Madrid Barcelona km. 33.6 28871, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, 
      Spain. ibravo@depeca.uah.es
FAU - Mazo, Manuel
AU  - Mazo M
FAU - Lazaro, Jose L
AU  - Lazaro JL
FAU - Gardel, Alfredo
AU  - Gardel A
FAU - Jimenez, Pedro
AU  - Jimenez P
FAU - Pizarro, Daniel
AU  - Pizarro D
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20101015
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Sensors (Basel)
JT  - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101204366
SB  - IM
MH  - Algorithms
MH  - Computers
MH  - Equipment Design
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/*instrumentation/*methods
MH  - Models, Theoretical
MH  - Principal Component Analysis/*methods
MH  - Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted/*instrumentation
PMC - PMC3230973
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CMOS sensor
OT  - FPGA
OT  - PCA
OT  - image processing
OT  - object detection
EDAT- 2010/01/01 00:00
MHDA- 2012/08/16 06:00
PMCR- 2010/01/01
CRDT- 2011/12/14 06:00
PHST- 2010/09/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/10/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/10/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/12/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/01/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/08/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - s101009232 [pii]
AID - sensors-10-09232 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/s101009232 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sensors (Basel). 2010;10(10):9232-51. doi: 10.3390/s101009232. Epub 2010 Oct 15.