PMID- 22229324
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120807
LR  - 20191027
IS  - 1996-3181 (Electronic)
IS  - 1871-5273 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 1
DP  - 2012 Feb
TI  - Cerebrolysin, a mixture of neurotrophic factors induces marked neuroprotection in 
      spinal cord injury following intoxication of engineered nanoparticles from 
      metals.
PG  - 40-9
AB  - Spinal cord injury (SCI) is the world's most disastrous disease for which there 
      is no effective treatment till today. Several studies suggest that nanoparticles 
      could adversely influence the pathology of SCI and thereby alter the efficacy of 
      many neuroprotective agents. Thus, there is an urgent need to find suitable 
      therapeutic agents that could minimize cord pathology following trauma upon 
      nanoparticle intoxication. Our laboratory has been engaged for the last 7 years 
      in finding suitable therapeutic strategies that could equally reduce cord 
      pathology in normal and in nanoparticle-treated animal models of SCI. We observed 
      that engineered nanoparticles from metals e.g., aluminum (Al), silver (Ag) and 
      copper (Cu) (50-60 nm) when administered in rats daily for 7 days (50 mg/kg, 
      i.p.) resulted in exacerbation of cord pathology after trauma that correlated 
      well with breakdown of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) to serum proteins. 
      The entry of plasma proteins into the cord leads to edema formation and neuronal 
      damage. Thus, future drugs should be designed in such a way to be effective even 
      when the SCI is influenced by nanoparticles. Previous research suggests that a 
      suitable combination of neurotrophic factors could induce marked neuroprotection 
      in SCI in normal animals. Thus, we examined the effects of a new drug; 
      cerebrolysin that is a mixture of different neurotrophic factors e.g., 
      brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line derived neurotrophic 
      factor (GDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and 
      other peptide fragments to treat normal or nanoparticle-treated rats after SCI. 
      Our observations showed that cerebrolysin (2.5 ml/kg, i.v.) before SCI resulted 
      in good neuroprotection in normal animals, whereas nanoparticle-treated rats 
      required a higher dose of the drug (5.0 ml/kg, i.v.) to induce comparable 
      neuroprotection in the cord after SCI. Cerebrolysin also reduced spinal cord 
      water content, leakage of plasma proteins and the number of injured neurons. This 
      indicates that cerebrolysin in higher doses could be a good candidate for 
      treating SCI cases following nanoparticle intoxication. The possible mechanisms 
      and functional significance of these findings are discussed in this review.
FAU - Menon, Preeti Kumaran
AU  - Menon PK
AD  - Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Surgical Sciences, 
      Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala 
      University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
FAU - Muresanu, Dafin Fior
AU  - Muresanu DF
FAU - Sharma, Aruna
AU  - Sharma A
FAU - Mossler, Herbert
AU  - Mossler H
FAU - Sharma, Hari Shanker
AU  - Sharma HS
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PT  - Review
PL  - United Arab Emirates
TA  - CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets
JT  - CNS & neurological disorders drug targets
JID - 101269155
RN  - 0 (Amino Acids)
RN  - 0 (Neuroprotective Agents)
RN  - 37KZM6S21G (cerebrolysin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acids/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use
MH  - Animals
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Edema/etiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Metal Nanoparticles/*toxicity
MH  - Neurons/drug effects/pathology
MH  - Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use
MH  - Rats
MH  - Spinal Cord/blood supply/drug effects/pathology
MH  - Spinal Cord Diseases/*chemically induced/*drug therapy/pathology/physiopathology
EDAT- 2012/01/11 06:00
MHDA- 2012/08/08 06:00
CRDT- 2012/01/11 06:00
PHST- 2011/07/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/11/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/12/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/01/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/01/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/08/08 06:00 [medline]
AID - BSP/CDTCNSND/E-Pub/00178 [pii]
AID - 10.2174/187152712799960781 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2012 Feb;11(1):40-9. doi: 
      10.2174/187152712799960781.