PMID- 22230950
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120309
LR  - 20220330
IS  - 1740-1534 (Electronic)
IS  - 1740-1526 (Print)
IS  - 1740-1526 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 2
DP  - 2012 Jan 9
TI  - Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: the trouble with immunity when you 
      had none.
PG  - 150-6
LID - 10.1038/nrmicro2712 [doi]
AB  - Some individuals who are infected with HIV rapidly deteriorate shortly after 
      starting antiretroviral therapy, despite effective viral suppression. This 
      reaction, referred to as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), is 
      characterized by tissue-destructive inflammation and arises as CD4(+) T cells 
      re-emerge. It has been proposed that IRIS is caused by a dysregulation of the 
      expanding population of CD4(+) T cells specific for a co-infecting opportunistic 
      pathogen. Here, we argue that IRIS instead results from hyper-responsiveness of 
      the innate immune system to T cell help, a mechanism that may be shared by the 
      many manifestations of IRIS that occur following the reversal of other types of 
      immunosuppression in pathogen-infected hosts.
FAU - Barber, Daniel L
AU  - Barber DL
AD  - Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of 
      Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rm 6146, 50 South 
      Drive, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA. barberd@niaid.nih.gov
FAU - Andrade, Bruno B
AU  - Andrade BB
FAU - Sereti, Irini
AU  - Sereti I
FAU - Sher, Alan
AU  - Sher A
LA  - eng
GR  - ZIA AI001171-01/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
PT  - Review
DEP - 20120109
PL  - England
TA  - Nat Rev Microbiol
JT  - Nature reviews. Microbiology
JID - 101190261
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized)
RN  - 0 (Natalizumab)
SB  - IM
MH  - AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects/therapeutic use
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - HIV Infections/drug therapy/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/*etiology/immunology
MH  - Immune Tolerance/immunology
MH  - Immunity, Innate/immunology/physiology
MH  - Lymphopenia/immunology
MH  - Mice
MH  - Models, Immunological
MH  - Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy/immunology
MH  - Natalizumab
MH  - Risk Factors
PMC - PMC3507517
MID - NIHMS420386
EDAT- 2012/01/11 06:00
MHDA- 2012/03/10 06:00
PMCR- 2012/11/27
CRDT- 2012/01/11 06:00
PHST- 2012/01/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/01/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/03/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/11/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nrmicro2712 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/nrmicro2712 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nat Rev Microbiol. 2012 Jan 9;10(2):150-6. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2712.