PMID- 22232377
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120604
LR  - 20181201
IS  - 1542-6270 (Electronic)
IS  - 1060-0280 (Linking)
VI  - 46
IP  - 1
DP  - 2012 Jan
TI  - Clinical efficacy and safety of once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists in 
      development for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults.
PG  - 68-78
LID - 10.1345/aph.1Q379 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To review pharmacologic, pharmacokinetic, efficacy, and safety data of 
      once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists exenatide long-acting 
      release (LAR), albiglutide, and taspoglutide in treatment of type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus (T2DM). DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search (1966-August 2011) was conducted 
      using the following key words: type 2 diabetes mellitus, glucagon-like peptide-1 
      agonists once weekly, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists, exenatide LAR, 
      albiglutide, and taspoglutide. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All articles 
      published in English identified from the data sources were evaluated, 
      prioritizing randomized controlled trials with human data. The references of 
      published articles identified were examined for additional studies appropriate 
      for the review. DATA SYNTHESIS: Native GLP-1 increases glucose-dependent insulin 
      secretion, decreases glucagon secretion, and slows gastric emptying in healthy 
      individuals, but these effects may be blunted in patients with T2DM. Because 
      native GLP-1 is rapidly degraded by dipeptidyl peptidase-IV, it is not a 
      practical treatment option. Currently, 2 GLP-1 receptor agonists have been 
      approved by the Food and Drug Administration: exenatide twice daily and 
      liraglutide once daily. Several additional GLP-1 agonists, including exenatide 
      LAR, albiglutide, and taspoglutide, are in various stages of clinical trials and 
      have been modified to increase their half-lives. These agents have shown 
      significant improvements in hemoglobin A(1c), fasting plasma glucose, and 
      postprandial plasma glucose, as well as improvements in body weight, blood 
      pressure, and lipid parameters. These agents allow for less-frequent dosing 
      schedules, improved glycemic control throughout the day, and improved treatment 
      satisfaction compared to some available agents. GLP-1 agonists have been well 
      tolerated, with the most common adverse effects being gastrointestinal related, 
      which occurred early in therapy but typically resolved after 4-8 weeks. The 
      incidence of hypoglycemia was infrequent and mild during therapy. CONCLUSIONS: 
      Once-weekly GLP-1 agonists provide similar glycemic control with weight 
      reduction, as well as overall higher treatment satisfaction for patients because 
      of their ease of use and need for less-frequent dosing compared to some available 
      agents.
FAU - Tzefos, Maria
AU  - Tzefos M
AD  - Cabarrus Family Medicine, Harrisburg, NC, USA. m.tzefos@wingate.edu
FAU - Harris, Kira
AU  - Harris K
FAU - Brackett, Adriane
AU  - Brackett A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Ann Pharmacother
JT  - The Annals of pharmacotherapy
JID - 9203131
RN  - 0 (Delayed-Action Preparations)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Peptides)
RN  - 0 (Venoms)
RN  - 2PHK27IP3B (taspoglutide)
RN  - 5E7U48495E (rGLP-1 protein)
RN  - 89750-14-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide 1)
RN  - 9P1872D4OL (Exenatide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Delayed-Action Preparations
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy/metabolism
MH  - Drug Administration Schedule
MH  - Exenatide
MH  - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/administration & dosage/adverse 
      effects/*agonists/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Peptides/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - Venoms/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
EDAT- 2012/01/11 06:00
MHDA- 2012/06/05 06:00
CRDT- 2012/01/11 06:00
PHST- 2012/01/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/01/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/06/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - 46/1/68 [pii]
AID - 10.1345/aph.1Q379 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ann Pharmacother. 2012 Jan;46(1):68-78. doi: 10.1345/aph.1Q379.