PMID- 22252235
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120907
LR  - 20220410
IS  - 1559-7016 (Electronic)
IS  - 0271-678X (Print)
IS  - 0271-678X (Linking)
VI  - 32
IP  - 7
DP  - 2012 Jul
TI  - Neurological diseases in relation to the blood-brain barrier.
PG  - 1139-51
LID - 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.197 [doi]
AB  - Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has an important part in cellular 
      damage in neurological diseases, including acute and chronic cerebral ischemia, 
      brain trauma, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, and brain infections. The 
      neurovascular unit (NVU) forms the interface between the blood and brain tissues. 
      During an injury, the cascade of molecular events ends in the final common 
      pathway for BBB disruption by free radicals and proteases, which attack membranes 
      and degrade the tight junction proteins in endothelial cells. Free radicals of 
      oxygen and nitrogen and the proteases, matrix metalloproteinases and 
      cyclooxgyenases, are important in the early and delayed BBB disruption as the 
      neuroinflammatory response progresses. Opening of the BBB occurs in 
      neurodegenerative diseases and contributes to the cognitive changes. In addition 
      to the importance of the NVU in acute injury, angiogenesis contributes to the 
      recovery process. The challenges to treatment of the brain diseases involve not 
      only facilitating drug entry into the brain, but also understanding the timing of 
      the molecular cascades to block the early NVU injury without interfering with 
      recovery. This review will describe the molecular and cellular events associated 
      with NVU disruption and potential strategies directed toward restoring its 
      integrity.
FAU - Rosenberg, Gary A
AU  - Rosenberg GA
AD  - Departments of Neurology, Neurosciences, Cell Biology and Physiology and 
      Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, 
      Albuquerque, NM, USA. grosenberg@salud.unm.edu
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 NS045847/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS052305/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01NS052305/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01NS045847/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20120118
PL  - United States
TA  - J Cereb Blood Flow Metab
JT  - Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the 
      International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
JID - 8112566
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Blood-Brain Barrier/pathology/physiopathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Nervous System Diseases/pathology/physiopathology
PMC - PMC3390801
EDAT- 2012/01/19 06:00
MHDA- 2012/09/08 06:00
PMCR- 2013/07/01
CRDT- 2012/01/19 06:00
PHST- 2012/01/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/01/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/09/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - jcbfm2011197 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.197 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2012 Jul;32(7):1139-51. doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.197. 
      Epub 2012 Jan 18.