PMID- 22253710
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120529
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 1
DP  - 2012
TI  - Effects of Astragalus polysaccharide on immune responses of porcine PBMC 
      stimulated with PRRSV or CSFV.
PG  - e29320
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0029320 [doi]
LID - e29320
AB  - BACKGROUND: Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has been used as an immunomodulator 
      that can enhance immune responses, whereas the immunomodulatory effects of APS on 
      porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exposed to porcine 
      reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and classical swine fever 
      virus (CSFV) have not been investigated. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Porcine 
      PBMCs were cultured in complete RPMI media in the presence of the R98-strain of 
      PRRSV (5x10(4) TCID(50)/ml) or C-strain of CSFV (10(3) TCID(50)/ml) with or 
      without APS. The expression of mRNA for CD28, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 
      (CTLA-4), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), interleukin 2 (IL-2) and IL-10 
      was assayed by TaqMan real-time RT-PCR. The expression of mRNA for CD28 and 
      CTLA-4 increased at 24 h after stimulation of PBMCs with CSFV and the increased 
      production of CTLA-4 was confirmed by western blot analysis, whereas the 
      increases were inhibited by the addition of APS. In addition, APS alone 
      upregulated IL-2 and TGF-beta mRNA expression in PBMCs and the addition of APS had 
      the capacity to prevent a further increase in IL-2 mRNA expression in PBMCs 
      during CSFV or PRRSV infection, but had no effect on TGF-beta mRNA expression. The 
      production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) increased at 12 h after 
      stimulation with PRRSV or CSFV, but not with PRRSV plus APS or CSFV plus APS, 
      whereas the addition of APS to PBMCs infected with PRRSV or CSFV promoted IL-10 
      mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS: We suggested that APS had immunomodulatory effects 
      on cells exposed to PRRSV or CSFV. It might be that APS via different mechanisms 
      affects the activities of immune cells during either PRRSV or CSFV infection. 
      This possibility warrants further studies to evaluate whether APS would be an 
      effective adjuvant in vaccines against PRRSV or CSFV.
FAU - Zhuge, Zeng-Yu
AU  - Zhuge ZY
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
FAU - Zhu, Yao-Hong
AU  - Zhu YH
FAU - Liu, Pan-Qi
AU  - Liu PQ
FAU - Yan, Xiao-Dong
AU  - Yan XD
FAU - Yue, Yuan
AU  - Yue Y
FAU - Weng, Xiao-Gang
AU  - Weng XG
FAU - Zhang, Rong
AU  - Zhang R
FAU - Wang, Jiu-Feng
AU  - Wang JF
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120109
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (CD28 Antigens)
RN  - 0 (CTLA-4 Antigen)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Polysaccharides)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - CD28 Antigens/genetics/metabolism
MH  - CTLA-4 Antigen/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Cell Proliferation/drug effects
MH  - Classical Swine Fever Virus/drug effects/*immunology
MH  - Cytokines/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
MH  - Immunity/*drug effects
MH  - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects/*immunology/pathology
MH  - Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
MH  - Polysaccharides/*pharmacology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/drug effects/*immunology
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Subcellular Fractions/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Sus scrofa/*immunology/*virology
PMC - PMC3253776
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2012/01/19 06:00
MHDA- 2012/05/30 06:00
PMCR- 2012/01/09
CRDT- 2012/01/19 06:00
PHST- 2011/06/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/11/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/01/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/01/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/05/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/01/09 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-11-11290 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0029320 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e29320. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029320. Epub 2012 Jan 9.