PMID- 22288315
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120209
LR  - 20120131
IS  - 1115-2613 (Print)
IS  - 1115-2613 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 4
DP  - 2011 Oct-Dec
TI  - The outcome of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV 
      infection programme in Nnewi, southeast Nigeria.
PG  - 421-5
AB  - BACKGROUND: A lot of challenges face the current efforts at reducing Mother to 
      Child transmission of HIV infection (MTCT) in Sub Saharan Africa due to limited 
      access to Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and breast feeding 
      practices. A regular review of progress is necessary in order to identify areas 
      of need. METHOD: This is a one year prospective descriptive study of seven 
      hundred and twenty six mother-infant pairs managed in the PMTCT programme in 
      Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi Southeast Nigeria. The babies 
      HIV status was tested with PCR for HIV DNA while the mothers provided information 
      on infant feeding pattern and the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs including 
      prophylaxis for the baby. Information was augmented from the antenatal records. 
      RESULT: The transmission rate was 2.8% for mothers, who were on HAART, did not 
      breastfeed and whose babies received ARV prophylactic therapy. But for mothers 
      who did not receive HAART, did breastfeed and whose babies did not received ARV 
      prophylactic therapy, the transmission rate was 37.5%. When both the mother and 
      child received ARV drugs, the transmission rate was significantly lower in those 
      who did not breastfeed (2.8%) than in those who breastfed (12.5%)(P < 0.001). 
      When both the mother and child did not receive ARV drugs, the transmission rate 
      significantly lower in those who did not breastfeed (21.1%)than in those who 
      breastfed (37.5%) (P < 0.02). CONCLUSION: The use of HAART in PMTCT programme in 
      the under resourced areas can achieve similar success rates to that in the 
      industrialized countries. Breastfeeding reduces the efficacy achieved by the use 
      of ARV drugs. Provision of wider access to HAART as well as adequate counselling 
      and support for safer infant feeding practices is recommended.
FAU - Ikechebelu, J I
AU  - Ikechebelu JI
AD  - PMTCT Laboratory Unit of Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Nnamdi Azikiwe 
      University Teaching Hospital Nnewi, Nigeria. jikechebelu@unizik.cdu.ng
FAU - Ugboaja, J O
AU  - Ugboaja JO
FAU - Kalu, S O
AU  - Kalu SO
FAU - Ugochukwu, E F
AU  - Ugochukwu EF
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Nigeria
TA  - Niger J Med
JT  - Nigerian journal of medicine : journal of the National Association of Resident 
      Doctors of Nigeria
JID - 100888321
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
MH  - Breast Feeding
MH  - Child
MH  - Female
MH  - HIV Infections/drug therapy/*transmission
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/*prevention & control
MH  - Nigeria
MH  - Prospective Studies
EDAT- 2012/02/01 06:00
MHDA- 2012/02/10 06:00
CRDT- 2012/02/01 06:00
PHST- 2012/02/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/02/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/02/10 06:00 [medline]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Niger J Med. 2011 Oct-Dec;20(4):421-5.