PMID- 22293630
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120809
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1940-6215 (Electronic)
IS  - 1940-6207 (Print)
IS  - 1940-6215 (Linking)
VI  - 5
IP  - 4
DP  - 2012 Apr
TI  - A hexane fraction of American ginseng suppresses mouse colitis and associated 
      colon cancer: anti-inflammatory and proapoptotic mechanisms.
PG  - 685-96
LID - 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-11-0421 [doi]
AB  - Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with a high 
      colon cancer risk. We have previously reported that American ginseng extract 
      significantly reduced the inflammatory parameters of chemically induced colitis. 
      The aim of this study was to further delineate the components of American ginseng 
      that suppress colitis and prevent colon cancer. Among five different fractions of 
      American ginseng (butanol, hexane, ethylacetate, dichloromethane, and water), a 
      hexane fraction has particularly potent antioxidant and proapoptotic properties. 
      The effects of this fraction were shown in a mouse macrophage cell line (ANA-1 
      cells), in a human lymphoblastoid cell line (TK6), and in an ex vivo model 
      (CD4(+)/CD25(-) primary effector T cells). A key in vivo finding was that 
      compared with the whole American ginseng extract, the hexane fraction of American 
      ginseng was more potent in treating colitis in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) 
      mouse model, as well as suppressing azoxymethane/DSS-induced colon cancer. 
      Furthermore, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end 
      labeling (TUNEL) labeling of inflammatory cells within the colonic mesenteric 
      lymph nodes was elevated in mice consuming DSS + the hexane fraction of American 
      ginseng. Results are consistent with our in vitro data and with the hypothesis 
      that the hexane fraction of American ginseng has anti-inflammatory properties and 
      drives inflammatory cell apoptosis in vivo, providing a mechanism by which this 
      fraction protects from colitis in this DSS mouse model. This study moves us 
      closer to understanding the molecular components of American ginseng that 
      suppress colitis and prevent colon cancer associated with colitis.
CI  - 2012 AACR
FAU - Poudyal, Deepak
AU  - Poudyal D
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Carolina College of 
      Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 770 Sumter St., Coker Life Sciences, 
      Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
FAU - Le, Phuong Mai
AU  - Le PM
FAU - Davis, Tia
AU  - Davis T
FAU - Hofseth, Anne B
AU  - Hofseth AB
FAU - Chumanevich, Alena
AU  - Chumanevich A
FAU - Chumanevich, Alexander A
AU  - Chumanevich AA
FAU - Wargovich, Michael J
AU  - Wargovich MJ
FAU - Nagarkatti, Mitzi
AU  - Nagarkatti M
FAU - Nagarkatti, Prakash S
AU  - Nagarkatti PS
FAU - Windust, Anthony
AU  - Windust A
FAU - Hofseth, Lorne J
AU  - Hofseth LJ
LA  - eng
GR  - P20 RR017698/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 AT003961-05/AT/NCCIH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 AT003961/AT/NCCIH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 1P01AT003961-01A1/AT/NCCIH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P20RR17698-01/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120131
PL  - United States
TA  - Cancer Prev Res (Phila)
JT  - Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)
JID - 101479409
RN  - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents)
RN  - 0 (Hexanes)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
SB  - IM
CIN - Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2012 Jul;5(7):982; author reply 983. PMID: 22637694
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
MH  - *Apoptosis
MH  - Biological Assay
MH  - Cell Line, Tumor
MH  - Colitis, Ulcerative/drug therapy
MH  - Colonic Neoplasms/*metabolism
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods
MH  - Hexanes/*chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Nick-End Labeling
MH  - Inflammation
MH  - Mice
MH  - Panax/*metabolism
MH  - Plant Extracts/*pharmacology
PMC - PMC3324646
MID - NIHMS354926
EDAT- 2012/02/02 06:00
MHDA- 2012/08/10 06:00
PMCR- 2013/04/01
CRDT- 2012/02/02 06:00
PHST- 2012/02/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/02/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/08/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1940-6207.CAPR-11-0421 [pii]
AID - 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-11-0421 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2012 Apr;5(4):685-96. doi: 
      10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-11-0421. Epub 2012 Jan 31.