PMID- 22296208
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121009
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1360-0443 (Electronic)
IS  - 0965-2140 (Linking)
VI  - 107
IP  - 8
DP  - 2012 Aug
TI  - Assessment of exposure to drugs of abuse during pregnancy by hair analysis in a 
      Mediterranean island.
PG  - 1471-9
LID - 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03828.x [doi]
AB  - AIMS:   This study aims to estimate the prevalence of drug use by pregnant women 
      living in Ibiza, using structured interviews and biomarkers in maternal hair. In 
      addition, the potentially detrimental effects of maternal drug abuse on their 
      newborns were investigated. Ibiza has a large international night-life resort 
      associated with clubs, music and use of recreational drugs. DESIGN, SETTING AND 
      PARTICIPANTS:   Hair samples were collected prospectively from January to March 
      2010 from a cohort of consecutive mothers after giving birth in the Hospital Can 
      Misses in Ibiza. MEASUREMENTS:   Opiates, cocaine, cannabis, methadone, 
      amphetamines, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and their metabolites were 
      detected in a 3-cm-long proximal segment of maternal hair corresponding to the 
      last trimester of pregnancy by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry 
      (n = 107). Data on socio-demographic characteristics and on tobacco, alcohol, 
      drugs of prescription and drugs of abuse consumption during pregnancy were 
      collected using a structured questionnaire. FINDINGS:   Hair analysis showed an 
      overall 16% positivity for drugs of abuse in the third trimester of pregnancy, 
      with a specific prevalence of cannabis, cocaine, MDMA and opiates use of 10.3, 
      6.4, 0.9 and 0%, respectively. In the questionnaires, only 1.9% of mothers 
      declared using drugs of abuse during pregnancy. Gestational drug of abuse 
      consumption was associated with active tobacco smoking, a higher number of smoked 
      cigarettes and the mother being Spanish. CONCLUSIONS:   Illicit drug use is 
      substantially under-reported among pregnant women living in Ibiza, particularly 
      among Spanish nationals. Voluntary, routine objective biological toxicology 
      screening should be considered as part of routine examinations in antenatal 
      clinics on this Mediterranean island.
CI  - (c) 2012 The Authors, Addiction (c) 2012 Society for the Study of Addiction.
FAU - Friguls, Bibiana
AU  - Friguls B
AD  - Unitat de Recerca Infancia i Entorn, Institut Municipal d'Investigacio Medica, 
      Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain. bfriguls@imim.es
FAU - Joya, Xavier
AU  - Joya X
FAU - Garcia-Serra, Joan
AU  - Garcia-Serra J
FAU - Gomez-Culebras, Mario
AU  - Gomez-Culebras M
FAU - Pichini, Simona
AU  - Pichini S
FAU - Martinez, Susana
AU  - Martinez S
FAU - Vall, Oriol
AU  - Vall O
FAU - Garcia-Algar, Oscar
AU  - Garcia-Algar O
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120508
PL  - England
TA  - Addiction
JT  - Addiction (Abingdon, England)
JID - 9304118
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Illicit Drugs)
SB  - IM
CIN - Addiction. 2012 Aug;107(8):1480-1. PMID: 22779418
MH  - Adult
MH  - Biomarkers/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Hair/*chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Illicit Drugs/*analysis
MH  - Mediterranean Islands/epidemiology
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology
MH  - Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology
MH  - Prenatal Diagnosis/methods
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Spain/epidemiology
MH  - Substance Abuse Detection/methods
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/*epidemiology
EDAT- 2012/02/03 06:00
MHDA- 2012/10/10 06:00
CRDT- 2012/02/03 06:00
PHST- 2012/02/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/02/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/10/10 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03828.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Addiction. 2012 Aug;107(8):1471-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03828.x. Epub 
      2012 May 8.