PMID- 22307294
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120709
LR  - 20230606
IS  - 1098-5336 (Electronic)
IS  - 0099-2240 (Print)
IS  - 0099-2240 (Linking)
VI  - 78
IP  - 8
DP  - 2012 Apr
TI  - Equine stomachs harbor an abundant and diverse mucosal microbiota.
PG  - 2522-32
LID - 10.1128/AEM.06252-11 [doi]
AB  - Little is known about the gastric mucosal microbiota in healthy horses, and its 
      role in gastric disease has not been critically examined. The present study used 
      a combination of 16S rRNA bacterial tag-encoded pyrosequencing (bTEFAP) and 
      fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to characterize the composition and 
      spatial distribution of selected gastric mucosal microbiota of healthy horses. 
      Biopsy specimens of the squamous, glandular, antral, and any ulcerated mucosa 
      were obtained from 6 healthy horses by gastroscopy and from 3 horses immediately 
      postmortem. Pyrosequencing was performed on biopsy specimens from 6 of the horses 
      and yielded 53,920 reads in total, with 631 to 4,345 reads in each region per 
      horse. The microbiome segregated into two distinct clusters comprised of horses 
      that were stabled, fed hay, and sampled at postmortem (cluster 1) and horses that 
      were pastured on grass, fed hay, and biopsied gastroscopically after a 12-h fast 
      (cluster 2). The types of bacteria obtained from different anatomic regions 
      clustered by horse rather than region. The dominant bacteria in cluster 1 were 
      Firmicutes (>83% reads/sample), mainly Streptococcus spp., Lactobacillus spp. 
      and, Sarcina spp. Cluster 2 was more diverse, with predominantly Proteobacteria, 
      Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes, consisting of Actinobacillus spp. Moraxella spp., 
      Prevotella spp., and Porphyromonas spp. Helicobacter sp. sequences were not 
      identified in any of 53,920 reads. FISH (n = 9) revealed bacteria throughout the 
      stomach in close apposition to the mucosa, with significantly more Streptococcus 
      spp. present in the glandular region of the stomach. The equine stomach harbors 
      an abundant and diverse mucosal microbiota that varies by individual.
FAU - Perkins, G A
AU  - Perkins GA
AD  - Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell 
      University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
FAU - den Bakker, H C
AU  - den Bakker HC
FAU - Burton, A J
AU  - Burton AJ
FAU - Erb, H N
AU  - Erb HN
FAU - McDonough, S P
AU  - McDonough SP
FAU - McDonough, P L
AU  - McDonough PL
FAU - Parker, J
AU  - Parker J
FAU - Rosenthal, R L
AU  - Rosenthal RL
FAU - Wiedmann, M
AU  - Wiedmann M
FAU - Dowd, S E
AU  - Dowd SE
FAU - Simpson, K W
AU  - Simpson KW
LA  - eng
GR  - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
GR  - T32 AI070077/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120203
PL  - United States
TA  - Appl Environ Microbiol
JT  - Applied and environmental microbiology
JID - 7605801
RN  - 0 (DNA, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Ribosomal)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bacteria/*classification/*genetics
MH  - *Biodiversity
MH  - Biopsy
MH  - Cluster Analysis
MH  - DNA, Bacterial/chemistry/genetics
MH  - DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry/genetics
MH  - Gastric Mucosa/*microbiology
MH  - Horses/*microbiology
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - *Metagenome
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
MH  - Sequence Analysis, DNA
MH  - Stomach/*microbiology
PMC - PMC3318809
EDAT- 2012/02/07 06:00
MHDA- 2012/07/10 06:00
PMCR- 2012/10/01
CRDT- 2012/02/07 06:00
PHST- 2012/02/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/02/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/07/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - AEM.06252-11 [pii]
AID - 06252-11 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/AEM.06252-11 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Apr;78(8):2522-32. doi: 10.1128/AEM.06252-11. Epub 
      2012 Feb 3.