PMID- 22331138
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130411
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1414-431X (Electronic)
IS  - 0100-879X (Print)
IS  - 0100-879X (Linking)
VI  - 45
IP  - 3
DP  - 2012 Mar
TI  - Retinal protective effects of topically administered agmatine on ischemic ocular 
      injury caused by transient occlusion of the ophthalmic artery.
PG  - 212-5
LID - S0100-879X2012007500020 [pii]
AB  - Agmatine, an endogenous polyamine and putative neuromodulator, is known to have 
      neuroprotective effects on various neurons in the central nervous system. We 
      determined whether or not topically administered agmatine could reduce ischemic 
      retinal injury. Transient ocular ischemia was achieved by intraluminal occlusion 
      of the middle cerebral artery of ddY mice (30-35 g) for 2 h, which is known to 
      also induce occlusion of the ophthalmic artery. In the agmatine group (N = 6), a 
      1.0 mM agmatine-containing ophthalmic solution was administered four times daily 
      for 2 weeks before occlusion. In the control group (N = 6), a 0.1% hyaluronic 
      acid ophthalmic solution was instilled at the same times. At 22 h after 
      reperfusion, the eyeballs were enucleated and the retinal sections were stained 
      by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). 
      Transient ocular ischemia induced apoptosis of retinal cells in the entire 
      retinal layer, and topically administered agmatine can significantly reduce this 
      ischemic retinal injury. The proportion of apoptotic cells was definitely 
      decreased (P < 0.001; Kruskal-Wallis test). Overall, we determined that topical 
      agmatine application effectively decreases retinal damage in an in vivo ocular 
      ischemic injury model. This implies that agmatine is a good candidate as a direct 
      neuroprotective agent for eyes with ocular ischemic diseases.
FAU - Hong, S
AU  - Hong S
AD  - Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University 
      College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Hara, H
AU  - Hara H
FAU - Shimazawa, M
AU  - Shimazawa M
FAU - Hyakkoku, K
AU  - Hyakkoku K
FAU - Kim, C Y
AU  - Kim CY
FAU - Seong, G J
AU  - Seong GJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120216
PL  - Brazil
TA  - Braz J Med Biol Res
JT  - Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de 
      pesquisas medicas e biologicas
JID - 8112917
RN  - 0 (Neuroprotective Agents)
RN  - 70J407ZL5Q (Agmatine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agmatine/*administration & dosage
MH  - Animals
MH  - Arterial Occlusive Diseases/*complications
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Ischemia/*drug therapy/etiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Neuroprotective Agents/*administration & dosage
MH  - *Ophthalmic Artery
MH  - Retinal Diseases/*drug therapy/etiology
PMC - PMC3854200
EDAT- 2012/02/15 06:00
MHDA- 2013/04/12 06:00
PMCR- 2012/02/17
CRDT- 2012/02/15 06:00
PHST- 2011/03/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/01/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/02/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/02/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/04/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/02/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0100-879X2012007500020 [pii]
AID - 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500020 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Braz J Med Biol Res. 2012 Mar;45(3):212-5. doi: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500020. 
      Epub 2012 Feb 16.