PMID- 22383165
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121009
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1757-7012 (Electronic)
IS  - 1757-7004 (Linking)
VI  - 3
IP  - 4
DP  - 2012 Jul-Aug
TI  - The 5' --> 3' exoribonuclease XRN1/Pacman and its functions in cellular processes 
      and development.
PG  - 455-68
LID - 10.1002/wrna.1109 [doi]
AB  - XRN1 is a 5' --> 3' processive exoribonuclease that degrades mRNAs after they have 
      been decapped. It is highly conserved in all eukaryotes, including homologs in 
      Drosophila melanogaster (Pacman), Caenorhabditis elegans (XRN1), and 
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Xrn1p). As well as being a key enzyme in RNA turnover, 
      XRN1 is involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and degradation of mRNAs after 
      they have been targeted by small interfering RNAs or microRNAs. The crystal 
      structure of XRN1 can explain its processivity and also the selectivity of the 
      enzyme for 5' monophosphorylated RNA. In eukaryotic cells, XRN1 is often found in 
      particles known as processing bodies (P bodies) together with other proteins 
      involved in the 5' --> 3' degradation pathway, such as DCP2 and the helicase DHH1 
      (Me31B). Although XRN1 shows little specificity to particular 5' 
      monophosphorylated RNAs in vitro, mutations in XRN1 in vivo have specific 
      phenotypes suggesting that it specifically degrades a subset of RNAs. In 
      Drosophila, mutations in the gene encoding the XRN1 homolog pacman result in 
      defects in wound healing, epithelial closure and stem cell renewal in testes. We 
      propose a model where specific mRNAs are targeted to XRN1 via specific binding of 
      miRNAs and/or RNA-binding proteins to instability elements within the RNA. These 
      guide the RNA to the 5' core degradation apparatus for controlled degradation.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FAU - Jones, Christopher Iain
AU  - Jones CI
AD  - Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK.
FAU - Zabolotskaya, Maria Vasilyevna
AU  - Zabolotskaya MV
FAU - Newbury, Sarah Faith
AU  - Newbury SF
LA  - eng
GR  - BB/G002754/1/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United 
      Kingdom
GR  - BBI021345/1/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United 
      Kingdom
GR  - BB/I007989/1/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United 
      Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20120301
PL  - United States
TA  - Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA
JT  - Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA
JID - 101536955
RN  - 0 (Drosophila Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Microtubule-Associated Proteins)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - EC 3.1.- (Exoribonucleases)
RN  - EC 3.1.- (pcm protein, Drosophila)
RN  - EC 3.1.13.1 (XRN1 protein, human)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Drosophila Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Eukaryotic Cells/metabolism
MH  - Exoribonucleases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Microtubule-Associated Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - *RNA Stability
MH  - RNA, Messenger/*metabolism
EDAT- 2012/03/03 06:00
MHDA- 2012/10/10 06:00
CRDT- 2012/03/03 06:00
PHST- 2012/03/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/03/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/10/10 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/wrna.1109 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2012 Jul-Aug;3(4):455-68. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1109. Epub 
      2012 Mar 1.