PMID- 22397878
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20131028
LR  - 20130318
IS  - 1590-3729 (Electronic)
IS  - 0939-4753 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 3
DP  - 2013 Mar
TI  - Altering source or amount of dietary carbohydrate has acute and chronic effects 
      on postprandial glucose and triglycerides in type 2 diabetes: Canadian trial of 
      Carbohydrates in Diabetes (CCD).
PG  - 227-34
LID - S0939-4753(11)00287-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2011.12.011 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Nutrition recommendations for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are 
      partly guided by the postprandial responses elicited by diets varying in 
      carbohydrate (CHO). We aimed to explore whether long-term changes in postprandial 
      responses on low-glycemic-index (GI) or low-CHO diets were due to acute or 
      chronic effects in T2DM. METHODS AND RESULTS: Subjects with diet-alone-treated 
      T2DM were randomly assigned to high-CHO/high-GI (H), high-CHO/low-GI (L), or 
      low-CHO/high-monounsaturated-fat (M) diets for 12-months. At week-0 (Baseline) 
      postprandial responses after H-meals (55% CHO, GI = 61) were measured from 0800 h 
      to 1600 h. After 12 mo subjects were randomly assigned to H-meals or study diet 
      meals (L, 57% CHO, GI = 50; M, 44% CHO, GI = 61). This yielded 5 groups: H diet 
      with H-meals (HH, n = 34); L diet with H- (LH, n = 17) or L-meals (LL, n = 16); 
      and M diet with H- (MH, n = 18) or M meals (MM, n = 19). Postprandial glucose 
      fluctuations were lower in LL than all other groups (p < 0.001). Changes in 
      postprandial-triglycerides differed among groups (p < 0.001). After 12 mo in HH 
      and MM both fasting- and postprandial-triglycerides were similar to Baseline 
      while in MH postprandial-triglycerides were significantly higher than at Baseline 
      (p = 0.028). In LH, triglycerides were consistently (0.18-0.34 mmol/L) higher 
      than Baseline throughout the day, while in LL the difference from Baseline varied 
      across the day from 0.04 to 0.36 mmol/L (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Low-GI and 
      low-CHO diets have both acute and chronic effects on postprandial glucose and 
      triglycerides in T2DM subjects. Thus, the composition of the acute test-meal and 
      the habitual diet should be considered when interpreting the nutritional 
      implications of different postprandial responses.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Wolever, T M S
AU  - Wolever TM
AD  - Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, 
      Canada. thomas.wolever@utoronto.ca
FAU - Gibbs, A L
AU  - Gibbs AL
FAU - Chiasson, J-L
AU  - Chiasson JL
FAU - Connelly, P W
AU  - Connelly PW
FAU - Josse, R G
AU  - Josse RG
FAU - Leiter, L A
AU  - Leiter LA
FAU - Maheux, P
AU  - Maheux P
FAU - Rabasa-Lhoret, R
AU  - Rabasa-Lhoret R
FAU - Rodger, N W
AU  - Rodger NW
FAU - Ryan, E A
AU  - Ryan EA
LA  - eng
SI  - ISRCTN/ISRCTN81151522
GR  - MCT-44205/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120306
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
JT  - Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
JID - 9111474
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Triglycerides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Blood Glucose/*analysis
MH  - Canada
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*diet therapy
MH  - Diet
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage
MH  - Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/blood
MH  - Female
MH  - Glycemic Index
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/blood
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Postprandial Period
MH  - Triglycerides/*blood
EDAT- 2012/03/09 06:00
MHDA- 2013/10/29 06:00
CRDT- 2012/03/09 06:00
PHST- 2011/04/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/11/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/12/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/03/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/03/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/10/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0939-4753(11)00287-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2011.12.011 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2013 Mar;23(3):227-34. doi: 
      10.1016/j.numecd.2011.12.011. Epub 2012 Mar 6.