PMID- 22417072
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120814
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1744-764X (Electronic)
IS  - 1474-0338 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 3
DP  - 2012 May
TI  - Safety of long-term nucleos(t)ide treatment in chronic hepatitis B.
PG  - 357-60
LID - 10.1517/14740338.2012.672972 [doi]
AB  - Currently, five nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) are approved for the treatment of 
      chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. They are lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, 
      telbivudine, entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Two of 
      them, ETV and TDF, are recommended as first-line treatment options. Their main 
      advantages include excellent tolerability, antiviral potency and a high genetic 
      barrier to resistance within medium duration treatment periods (2 - 6 years). In 
      most patients, NAs need to be administered on a long-term basis. Several studies 
      suggest that NAs long-term administration have been associated with low rates of 
      serious adverse events (AEs), including lactic acidosis, renal function 
      impairment, osteopenia and osteoporosis. Discontinuations due to AEs tended to be 
      low in published randomized clinical trial and in the experience in clinical 
      practice. NAs long-term use appears to be safe and effective; and in patients 
      with advanced liver disease, despite preliminary concerning reports, their 
      short-term use also appears to be safe and effective. Although major AEs are 
      infrequent, they can be initially clinically silent yet lead to serious medical 
      problems, therefore, a proactive surveillance and their prompt management is 
      recommended.
FAU - Ridruejo, Ezequiel
AU  - Ridruejo E
FAU - Silva, Marcelo O
AU  - Silva MO
LA  - eng
PT  - Editorial
DEP - 20120315
PL  - England
TA  - Expert Opin Drug Saf
JT  - Expert opinion on drug safety
JID - 101163027
RN  - 0 (Antiviral Agents)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphonates)
RN  - 5968Y6H45M (entecavir)
RN  - 5Z93L87A1R (Guanine)
RN  - 99YXE507IL (Tenofovir)
RN  - JAC85A2161 (Adenine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adenine/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives
MH  - Antiviral Agents/*administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH  - Drug Administration Schedule
MH  - Evidence-Based Medicine
MH  - Guanine/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives
MH  - Hepatitis B, Chronic/*drug therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Organophosphonates/*administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH  - Patient Safety
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Tenofovir
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Treatment Outcome
EDAT- 2012/03/16 06:00
MHDA- 2012/08/15 06:00
CRDT- 2012/03/16 06:00
PHST- 2012/03/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/03/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/08/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1517/14740338.2012.672972 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2012 May;11(3):357-60. doi: 10.1517/14740338.2012.672972. 
      Epub 2012 Mar 15.