PMID- 22421797
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121026
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 8
DP  - 2012 Sep
TI  - Evolutions of microbial degradation pathways for parent xenobiotic and for its 
      metabolites follow different schemes.
PG  - 3276-81
LID - 10.1007/s11356-012-0841-0 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSES: The pathways used by microorganisms for the metabolism 
      of every xenobiotic substrate are specific. The catabolism of a xenobiotic goes 
      through a series of intermediate steps and lower intermediates (metabolites) 
      appear in sequence. The structure of the metabolites can be similar to the 
      parents due to kinship. The purposes of this study were to examine if the 
      degradation pathways that were developed for a parent xenobiotic are effective to 
      degrade the parent's lower metabolites, and if the reverse is true. MATERIALS AND 
      METHODS: The xenobiotic substrates, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D, the 
      parent xenobiotic) and its metabolite 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), were 
      independently subjected to acclimation and degradation tests by the biomasses of 
      mixed-culture activated sludge and a pure culture of Arthrobacter sp. RESULTS: 
      Activated sludge and Arthrobacter sp. that were acclimated to 2,4-D effectively 
      degraded 2,4-D and the lower metabolites of 2,4-D, typically 2,4-DCP. During the 
      degradation of 2,4-D, accumulations of the lower metabolites of 2,4-D were not 
      found. The degradation pathways acquired from acclimation to 2,4-D are effective 
      for all the metabolites of 2,4-D. However, pathways acquired from acclimation to 
      2,4-DCP are not effective in the degradation of the parent 2,4-D. CONCLUSIONS: 
      Microorganisms acclimated to 2,4-D evolve their degradation pathways by a scheme 
      that is different from the scheme the microorganisms employ when they are 
      acclimated to the metabolites of 2,4-D.
FAU - Chong, Nyuk-Min
AU  - Chong NM
AD  - Department of Environmental Engineering, Da-Yeh University, No. 168, University 
      Rd., Dacun, Changhua, Taiwan 51591, Republic of China. chong@mail.dyu.edu.tw
FAU - Chang, Chun-Shuo
AU  - Chang CS
FAU - Tsai, Shiu-Ching
AU  - Tsai SC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20120316
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Chlorophenols)
RN  - 0 (Sewage)
RN  - 0 (Xenobiotics)
RN  - 2577AQ9262 (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid)
RN  - R669TG1950 (2,4-dichlorophenol)
SB  - IM
MH  - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/*metabolism
MH  - Acclimatization
MH  - Arthrobacter/*metabolism
MH  - Biodegradation, Environmental
MH  - Chlorophenols/*metabolism
MH  - *Metabolic Networks and Pathways
MH  - Sewage/microbiology
MH  - Xenobiotics/*metabolism
EDAT- 2012/03/17 06:00
MHDA- 2012/10/27 06:00
CRDT- 2012/03/17 06:00
PHST- 2011/10/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/02/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/03/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/03/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/10/27 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-012-0841-0 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2012 Sep;19(8):3276-81. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-012-0841-0. Epub 2012 Mar 16.