PMID- 22423866
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120529
LR  - 20161125
IS  - 1751-8741 (Print)
IS  - 1751-8741 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 1
DP  - 2012 Mar
TI  - Fabrication of three-dimensional nano, micro and micro/nano scaffolds of porous 
      poly(lactic acid) by electrospinning and comparison of cell infiltration by 
      Z-stacking/three-dimensional projection technique.
PG  - 16-25
LID - 10.1049/iet-nbt.2011.0028 [doi]
AB  - The use of electrospun extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking nanofibrous scaffolds 
      for tissue engineering is limited by poor cellular infiltration. The authors 
      hypothesised that cell penetration could be enhanced in scaffolds by using a 
      hierarchical structure where nano fibres are combined with micron-scale fibres 
      while preserving the overall scaffold architecture. To assess this, we fabricated 
      electrospun porous poly(lactic acid) (PLA) scaffolds having nanoscale, microscale 
      and combined micro/nano architecture and evaluated the structural characteristics 
      and biological response in detail. Although the bioactivity was intermediate to 
      that for nanofibre and microfibre scaffold, a unique result of this study was 
      that the micro/nano combined fibrous scaffold showed improved cell infiltration 
      and distribution than the nanofibrous scaffold. Although the cells were found to 
      be lining the scaffold periphery in the case of nanofibrous scaffold, micro/nano 
      scaffolds had cells dispersed throughout the scaffold. Further, as expected, the 
      addition of nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (nHAp) improved the bioactivity, 
      although it did not play a significant role in cell penetration. Thus, this 
      strategy of creating a three-dimensional (3D) micro/nano architecture that would 
      increase the porosity of the fibrous scaffold and thereby improving the cell 
      penetration, can be utilised for the generation of functional tissue engineered 
      constructs in vitro.
FAU - Shalumon, K T
AU  - Shalumon KT
AD  - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and 
      Molecular Medicine, Kochi, India.
FAU - Chennazhi, K P
AU  - Chennazhi KP
FAU - Tamura, H
AU  - Tamura H
FAU - Kawahara, K
AU  - Kawahara K
FAU - Nair, S V
AU  - Nair SV
FAU - Jayakumar, R
AU  - Jayakumar R
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - IET Nanobiotechnol
JT  - IET nanobiotechnology
JID - 101303205
RN  - 0 (Polyesters)
RN  - 0 (Polymers)
RN  - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid)
RN  - 459TN2L5F5 (poly(lactide))
SB  - IM
MH  - Biomimetic Materials/*chemistry
MH  - Cell Adhesion/*physiology
MH  - Cell Movement
MH  - Cell Survival
MH  - Electrochemistry/*methods
MH  - Extracellular Matrix/*chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Lactic Acid/*chemistry
MH  - Materials Testing
MH  - Nanoparticles/*chemistry/ultrastructure
MH  - Polyesters
MH  - Polymers/*chemistry
MH  - Porosity
MH  - Rotation
MH  - Tissue Engineering/methods
MH  - *Tissue Scaffolds
EDAT- 2012/03/20 06:00
MHDA- 2012/05/30 06:00
CRDT- 2012/03/20 06:00
PHST- 2012/03/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/03/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/05/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1049/iet-nbt.2011.0028 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - IET Nanobiotechnol. 2012 Mar;6(1):16-25. doi: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2011.0028.