PMID- 22456689
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130327
LR  - 20220311
IS  - 1678-4782 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-7557 (Linking)
VI  - 88
IP  - 3
DP  - 2012 May
TI  - Anti-N-methyl D-aspartate receptor encephalitis in childhood.
PG  - 275-8
LID - 10.2223/JPED.2172 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To discuss the differential diagnosis of encephalitis beyond that of 
      infectious etiology and to inform pediatricians about the possibility of 
      anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) encephalitis in children by 
      highlighting its most important clinical features. DESCRIPTION: Three patients 
      presented with an initial neuropsychiatric syndrome followed by encephalopathy 
      and movement disorder. The initial neuropsychiatric features which developed over 
      days to weeks included a change in personality, anxiety, confusion, and speech 
      regression. This was followed by a choreoathetoid or dystonic movement disorder 
      affecting the orofacial region and the limbs. After the exclusion of the major 
      causes of encephalitis, NMDAr antibodies were identified in serum and 
      cerebrospinal fluid, and neoplasm screening did not detect any tumor. Patients 
      were submitted to immunosuppression, and two of them had a full neurological 
      recovery. One of them still presents a mild dystonic posture in a limb. COMMENTS: 
      Clinical signs of anti-NMDAr encephalitis in children are similar to those 
      previously described in adults. Tumors are not usually detected by this age. The 
      diagnosis of anti-NMDAr encephalitis must be addressed only after the exclusion 
      of infectious and other recognizable causes of encephalitis. Pediatricians should 
      be aware of this treatable autoimmune condition.
FAU - Borlot, Felippe
AU  - Borlot F
AD  - Hospital Santa Marcelina, Sao Paulo, Brazil. felippe@dfvneuro.com.br
FAU - Santos, Mara Lucia F
AU  - Santos ML
FAU - Bandeira, Marcia
AU  - Bandeira M
FAU - Liberalesso, Paulo B
AU  - Liberalesso PB
FAU - Kok, Fernando
AU  - Kok F
FAU - Lohr, Alfredo Jr
AU  - Lohr A Jr
FAU - Reed, Umbertina C
AU  - Reed UC
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20120328
PL  - Brazil
TA  - J Pediatr (Rio J)
JT  - Jornal de pediatria
JID - 2985188R
RN  - 0 (Neuroprotective Agents)
RN  - X4W7ZR7023 (Methylprednisolone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/cerebrospinal 
      fluid/*diagnosis/drug therapy/psychology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Diagnosis, Differential
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunosuppression Therapy
MH  - Male
MH  - Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use
MH  - Movement Disorders/etiology
MH  - Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Seizures/etiology
MH  - Speech Disorders/etiology
EDAT- 2012/03/30 06:00
MHDA- 2013/03/28 06:00
CRDT- 2012/03/30 06:00
PHST- 2011/08/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/11/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/03/30 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/03/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/03/28 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2223/JPED.2172 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Pediatr (Rio J). 2012 May;88(3):275-8. doi: 10.2223/JPED.2172. Epub 2012 Mar 
      28.