PMID- 22461004
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120917
LR  - 20120522
IS  - 1460-2350 (Electronic)
IS  - 0268-1161 (Linking)
VI  - 27
IP  - 6
DP  - 2012 Jun
TI  - The effect of GM-CSF on development and aneuploidy in murine blastocysts.
PG  - 1590-5
LID - 10.1093/humrep/des108 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Growth factors and cytokines are present in small quantities in the 
      oviduct and uterus and some are synthesized by the growing embryo. 
      Granulocytes-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is known as an 
      important regulator, which enhances cell proliferation and reduces apoptosis in 
      developing blastocysts, during normal fetal and placental development. The 
      purpose of this study is to investigate whether adding GM-CSF to the culture 
      media affects blastulation or the chromosomal status of mouse embryos. METHODS: 
      Murine embryos were cultured in vitro from the 2-cell stage until the blastocyst 
      stage in the presence of different concentrations of GM-CSF of 0 ng/ml (control), 
      1, 2, 5 and 10 ng/ml. The development of each embryo was noted and the embryos 
      were then spread for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using 
      locus-specific probes (LSI) for chromosomes 2, 11 and 16 in all embryos. RESULTS: 
      No difference in the blastulation potential was noted with the addition of 1 and 
      2 ng/ml of GM-CSF compared with the controls, but there was a significant 
      decrease (P < 0.001) in the blastulation rate in the 5 and 10 ng/ml 
      concentrations. The rate of mosaicism/aneuploidy noted in all GM-CSF groups (1, 
      2, 5 and 10 ng/ml) was slightly higher than in the control group (0 ng/ml GM-CSF) 
      but the differences were not significant. In the mosaic embryos from the GM-CSF 
      cultured groups, the percentage of aneuploid cells was statistically higher than 
      in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: GM-CSF exerted a negative impact on blastocyst 
      development at higher concentrations. GM-CSF did not affect the rates of 
      mosaicism/aneuploidy, but did increase the percentage of aneuploid cells within 
      the mosaic embryos. Adding GM-CSF to the culture media for clinical use requires 
      further studies either on human or animal models to evaluate its long-term 
      effects.
FAU - Elaimi, Aisha
AU  - Elaimi A
AD  - Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK. 
      a.elaimi@ucl.ac.uk
FAU - Gardner, Katayoon
AU  - Gardner K
FAU - Kistnareddy, Kedarraja
AU  - Kistnareddy K
FAU - Harper, Joyce
AU  - Harper J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120329
PL  - England
TA  - Hum Reprod
JT  - Human reproduction (Oxford, England)
JID - 8701199
RN  - 0 (Culture Media)
RN  - 83869-56-1 (Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Aneuploidy
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blastocyst/*drug effects/physiology
MH  - Culture Media
MH  - Embryo Culture Techniques/veterinary
MH  - Embryonic Development/*drug effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/*administration & dosage/adverse 
      effects
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/veterinary
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mosaicism/drug effects
EDAT- 2012/03/31 06:00
MHDA- 2012/09/18 06:00
CRDT- 2012/03/31 06:00
PHST- 2012/03/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/03/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/09/18 06:00 [medline]
AID - des108 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/humrep/des108 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Hum Reprod. 2012 Jun;27(6):1590-5. doi: 10.1093/humrep/des108. Epub 2012 Mar 29.