PMID- 22488282 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20130115 LR - 20211021 IS - 1938-162X (Electronic) IS - 1062-6050 (Print) IS - 1062-6050 (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 2 DP - 2012 Mar-Apr TI - Skinfold thickness at 8 common cryotherapy sites in various athletic populations. PG - 170-7 AB - CONTEXT: Researchers have observed slower cooling rates in thigh muscle with greater overlying adipose tissue, suggesting that cryotherapy duration should be based on the adipose thickness of the treatment site. Skinfold data do not exist for other common cryotherapy sites, and no one has reported how those skinfolds might vary because of physical activity level or sex. OBJECTIVE: To determine the variability in skinfold thickness among common cryotherapy sites relative to sex and activity level (National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes, recreationally active college athletes). DESIGN: Descriptive laboratory study. SETTING: Field. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred eighty-nine college students participated; 196 Division I athletes (157 men, 39 women) were recruited during preseason physicals, and 193 recreationally active college athletes (108 men, 85 women) were recruited from physical education classes. INTERVENTION(S): Three skinfold measurements to within 1 mm were taken at 8 sites (inferior angle of the scapula, middle deltoid, ulnar groove, midforearm, midthigh, medial collateral ligament, midcalf, and anterior talofibular ligament [ATF]) using Lange skinfold calipers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Skinfold thickness in millimeters. RESULTS: We noted interactions among sex, activity level, and skinfold site. Male athletes had smaller skinfold measurements than female athletes at all sites except the ATF, scapula, and ulnar groove (F(7),(2)(7)(0)(2) = 69.85, P < .001). Skinfold measurements were greater for recreationally active athletes than their Division I counterparts at all sites except the ATF, deltoid, and ulnar groove (F(7),(2)(7)(0)(2) = 30.79, P < .001). Thigh skinfold measurements of recreationally active female athletes were the largest, and their ATF skinfolds were the smallest. CONCLUSIONS: Skinfold thickness at common cryotherapy treatment sites varied based on level of physical activity and sex. Therefore, clinicians should measure skinfold thickness to determine an appropriate cryotherapy duration. FAU - Jutte, Lisa S AU - Jutte LS AD - School of Physical Education, Sport & Exercise Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA. juttel@xavier.edu FAU - Hawkins, Jeremy AU - Hawkins J FAU - Miller, Kevin C AU - Miller KC FAU - Long, Blaine C AU - Long BC FAU - Knight, Kenneth L AU - Knight KL LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Athl Train JT - Journal of athletic training JID - 9301647 SB - IM MH - *Adipose Tissue MH - Arm MH - *Athletes MH - *Body Composition MH - *Cryotherapy MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Leg MH - Male MH - Muscle, Skeletal/physiology MH - Shoulder MH - *Skinfold Thickness MH - Thorax MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC3418128 EDAT- 2012/04/11 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/16 06:00 PMCR- 2013/03/01 CRDT- 2012/04/11 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/11 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2012/04/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2013/01/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2013/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.4085/1062-6050-47.2.170 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Athl Train. 2012 Mar-Apr;47(2):170-7. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-47.2.170.