PMID- 22505275
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130830
LR  - 20121025
IS  - 1099-1492 (Electronic)
IS  - 0952-3480 (Linking)
VI  - 25
IP  - 12
DP  - 2012 Dec
TI  - Investigation of the effective connectivity of resting state networks in 
      Alzheimer's disease: a functional MRI study combining independent components 
      analysis and multivariate Granger causality analysis.
PG  - 1311-20
LID - 10.1002/nbm.2803 [doi]
AB  - Recent neuroimaging studies have shown that the cognitive and memory decline in 
      patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is coupled with abnormal functions of 
      focal brain regions and disrupted functional connectivity between distinct brain 
      regions, as well as losses in small-world attributes. However, the causal 
      interactions among the spatially isolated, but functionally related, resting 
      state networks (RSNs) are still largely unexplored. In this study, we first 
      identified eight RSNs by independent components analysis from resting state 
      functional MRI data of 18 patients with AD and 18 age-matched healthy subjects. 
      We then performed a multivariate Granger causality analysis (mGCA) to evaluate 
      the effective connectivity among the RSNs. We found that patients with AD 
      exhibited decreased causal interactions among the RSNs in both intensity and 
      quantity relative to normal controls. Results from mGCA indicated that the causal 
      interactions involving the default mode network and auditory network were weaker 
      in patients with AD, whereas stronger causal connectivity emerged in relation to 
      the memory network and executive control network. Our findings suggest that the 
      default mode network plays a less important role in patients with AD. Increased 
      causal connectivity of the memory network and self-referential network may 
      elucidate the dysfunctional and compensatory processes in the brain networks of 
      patients with AD. These preliminary findings may provide a new pathway towards 
      the determination of the neurophysiological mechanisms of AD.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FAU - Liu, Zhenyu
AU  - Liu Z
AD  - Intelligent Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Management and 
      Control for Complex System, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 
      Beijing 100190, China.
FAU - Zhang, Yumei
AU  - Zhang Y
FAU - Bai, Lijun
AU  - Bai L
FAU - Yan, Hao
AU  - Yan H
FAU - Dai, Ruwei
AU  - Dai R
FAU - Zhong, Chongguang
AU  - Zhong C
FAU - Wang, Hu
AU  - Wang H
FAU - Wei, Wenjuan
AU  - Wei W
FAU - Xue, Ting
AU  - Xue T
FAU - Feng, Yuanyuan
AU  - Feng Y
FAU - You, Youbo
AU  - You Y
FAU - Tian, Jie
AU  - Tian J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120416
PL  - England
TA  - NMR Biomed
JT  - NMR in biomedicine
JID - 8915233
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Alzheimer Disease/*physiopathology
MH  - Brain Mapping
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Multivariate Analysis
MH  - Nerve Net/*physiopathology
MH  - Principal Component Analysis
MH  - *Rest
EDAT- 2012/04/17 06:00
MHDA- 2013/08/31 06:00
CRDT- 2012/04/17 06:00
PHST- 2011/11/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/03/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/03/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/04/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/04/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/08/31 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/nbm.2803 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - NMR Biomed. 2012 Dec;25(12):1311-20. doi: 10.1002/nbm.2803. Epub 2012 Apr 16.