PMID- 22524249
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121019
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1742-4690 (Electronic)
IS  - 1742-4690 (Linking)
VI  - 9
DP  - 2012 Apr 23
TI  - Stable multi-infection of splenocytes during SIV infection--the basis for 
      continuous recombination.
PG  - 31
LID - 10.1186/1742-4690-9-31 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Recombination is an important mechanism in the generation of genetic 
      diversity of the human (HIV) and simian (SIV) immunodeficiency viruses. It 
      requires the co-packaging of divergent RNA genomes into the same retroviral 
      capsid and subsequent template switching during the reverse transcription 
      reaction. By HIV-specific fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we have 
      previously shown that the splenocytes from 2 chronically infected patients with 
      Castelman's disease were multi-infected and thus fulfill the in vivo requirements 
      to generate genetic diversity by recombination. In order to analyze when 
      multi-infection first occurs during a lentivirus infection and how the 
      distribution of multi-infection evolves during the disease course, we now 
      determined the SIV copy numbers from splenocytes of 11 SIVmac251-infected rhesus 
      macaques cross-sectionally covering the time span of primary infection throughout 
      to end-stage immunodeficiency. RESULTS: SIV multi-infection of single splenocytes 
      was readily detected in all monkeys and all stages of the infection. 
      Single-infected cells were more frequent than double- or triple- infected cells. 
      There was no strong trend linking the copy number distribution to plasma viral 
      load, disease stage, or CD4 cell counts. CONCLUSIONS: SIV multi-infection of 
      single cells is already established during the primary infection phase thus 
      enabling recombination to affect viral evolution in vivo throughout the disease 
      course.
FAU - Schultz, Anke
AU  - Schultz A
AD  - Department of Virology, Saarland University, Homburg D-66421, Germany.
FAU - Sopper, Sieghart
AU  - Sopper S
FAU - Sauermann, Ulrike
AU  - Sauermann U
FAU - Meyerhans, Andreas
AU  - Meyerhans A
FAU - Suspene, Rodolphe
AU  - Suspene R
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120423
PL  - England
TA  - Retrovirology
JT  - Retrovirology
JID - 101216893
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Gene Dosage
MH  - Macaca mulatta
MH  - Proviruses/genetics
MH  - *Recombination, Genetic
MH  - Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*virology
MH  - Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/*genetics
MH  - Spleen/cytology/*virology
MH  - Superinfection/*virology
MH  - Virus Integration
PMC - PMC3395872
EDAT- 2012/04/25 06:00
MHDA- 2012/10/20 06:00
PMCR- 2012/04/23
CRDT- 2012/04/25 06:00
PHST- 2012/01/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/04/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/04/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/04/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/10/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/04/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1742-4690-9-31 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/1742-4690-9-31 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Retrovirology. 2012 Apr 23;9:31. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-31.