PMID- 22553196
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130329
LR  - 20211203
IS  - 1569-8041 (Electronic)
IS  - 0923-7534 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 10
DP  - 2012 Oct
TI  - mTOR inhibitors in the management of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer: the 
      latest evidence and future directions.
PG  - 2526-2535
LID - S0923-7534(19)37961-X [pii]
LID - 10.1093/annonc/mds075 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: There is an unmet therapeutic need in endocrine-resistant, hormone 
      receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative 
      advanced breast cancer (BC). Preclinical studies support the hypothesis that the 
      mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition could potentially overcome 
      resistance to endocrine therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review 
      regarding BC and mTOR inhibitors was undertaken. The reference lists from 
      retrieved manuscripts were reviewed to identify further studies. RESULTS: Phase 
      II studies have reported that the combination of mTOR inhibitors with endocrine 
      therapy shows efficacy in patients with advanced disease that progressed after 
      treatment with aromatase inhibitors. The recent findings of the phase III 
      BOLERO-2 confirmed that everolimus in combination with exemestane significantly 
      improved progression-free survival and response rate, with a manageable safety 
      profile. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of everolimus to exemestane for women with 
      HR-positive metastatic BC is now considered a new therapeutic strategy. However, 
      a word of caution should be added regarding toxic effects, which might limit 
      practical use and compliance. It is essential that clinicians are educated about 
      key recommendations for toxicity management and specific guideline dose 
      modifications. Additional research efforts with the addition of these compounds 
      in the early-stage setting is greatly needed to improve the survival of patients 
      with HR-positive BC.
FAU - Villarreal-Garza, C
AU  - Villarreal-Garza C
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico DF, 
      Mexico.
FAU - Cortes, J
AU  - Cortes J
AD  - Breast Cancer Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University 
      Hospital, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Andre, F
AU  - Andre F
AD  - Breast Cancer Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, University Paris XI and 
      Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
FAU - Verma, S
AU  - Verma S
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada. 
      Electronic address: Sunil.verma@sunnybrook.ca.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20120502
PL  - England
TA  - Ann Oncol
JT  - Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical 
      Oncology
JID - 9007735
RN  - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Estrogen Receptor Modulators)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Estrogen)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Progesterone)
RN  - EC 2.7.1.1 (MTOR protein, human)
RN  - EC 2.7.10.1 (Receptor, ErbB-2)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy/metabolism
MH  - Estrogen Receptor Modulators/therapeutic use
MH  - Evidence-Based Medicine
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Receptor, ErbB-2/*metabolism
MH  - Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism
MH  - Receptors, Progesterone/*metabolism
MH  - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors
EDAT- 2012/05/04 06:00
MHDA- 2013/03/30 06:00
CRDT- 2012/05/04 06:00
PHST- 2012/05/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/05/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/03/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0923-7534(19)37961-X [pii]
AID - 10.1093/annonc/mds075 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ann Oncol. 2012 Oct;23(10):2526-2535. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mds075. Epub 2012 May 
      2.