PMID- 22572112
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121206
LR  - 20240417
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Print)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 45
DP  - 2012 Sep 15
TI  - Measuring environmental stress in East Greenland polar bears, 1892-1927 and 
      1988-2009: what does hair cortisol tell us?
PG  - 15-21
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2012.04.005 [doi]
AB  - Hair sampled from 96 East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) over the 
      periods 1892-1927 and 1988-2009 was analyzed for cortisol as a proxy to 
      investigate temporal patterns of environmental stress. Cortisol concentration was 
      independent of sex and age, and was found at significantly higher (p<0.001) 
      concentrations in historical hair samples (1892-1927; n=8) relative to recent 
      ones (1988-2009; n=88). In addition, there was a linear time trend in cortisol 
      concentration of the recent samples (p<0.01), with an annual decrease of 2.7%. 
      The recent hair samples were also analyzed for major bioaccumulative, persistent 
      organic pollutants (POPs). There were no obvious POP related time trends or 
      correlations between hair cortisol and hair POP concentrations. Thus, polar bear 
      hair appears to be a relatively poor indicator of the animal's general POP load 
      in adipose tissue. However, further investigations are warranted to explore the 
      reasons for the temporal decrease found in the bears' hair cortisol levels.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Bechshoft, T O
AU  - Bechshoft TO
AD  - Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Box 358, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 
      Roskilde, Denmark. thbe@dmu.dk
FAU - Riget, F F
AU  - Riget FF
FAU - Sonne, C
AU  - Sonne C
FAU - Letcher, R J
AU  - Letcher RJ
FAU - Muir, D C G
AU  - Muir DC
FAU - Novak, M A
AU  - Novak MA
FAU - Henchey, E
AU  - Henchey E
FAU - Meyer, J S
AU  - Meyer JS
FAU - Eulaers, I
AU  - Eulaers I
FAU - Jaspers, V L B
AU  - Jaspers VL
FAU - Eens, M
AU  - Eens M
FAU - Covaci, A
AU  - Covaci A
FAU - Dietz, R
AU  - Dietz R
LA  - eng
GR  - R24 OD011180/OD/NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R24 RR011122/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - RR11122/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - RR00168/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R24 RR011122-14A1/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P51 RR000168/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K26 RR000168/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120507
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adipose Tissue/metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/*methods
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Greenland
MH  - Hair/*metabolism
MH  - Hydrocortisone/*metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Stress, Physiological
MH  - Ursidae/*metabolism
PMC - PMC3366040
MID - NIHMS371312
EDAT- 2012/05/11 06:00
MHDA- 2012/12/10 06:00
PMCR- 2013/09/15
CRDT- 2012/05/11 06:00
PHST- 2011/09/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/03/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/04/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/05/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/05/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/12/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/09/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0160-4120(12)00077-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2012.04.005 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2012 Sep 15;45:15-21. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2012.04.005. Epub 2012 
      May 7.