PMID- 22595193
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121025
LR  - 20141120
IS  - 1878-1705 (Electronic)
IS  - 1567-5769 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 3
DP  - 2012 Jul
TI  - Immunomodulatory properties of beta-sitosterol in pig immune responses.
PG  - 316-21
LID - 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.04.017 [doi]
AB  - The ability to control an immune response for the benefit and production 
      efficiency of animals is the objective of immunomodulation in food-producing 
      animals; substances that exert this control are called immunomodulators. A 
      Spanish product (Inmunicin MAYMO(R)), based on food plant phytosterols, is being 
      commercialized as complementary feed. The main component of this product is 
      Beta-sitosterol (BSS). BSS and its glycoside (BSSG) have been shown to exhibit 
      anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplasic, anti-pyretic and immune-modulating activity 
      demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The objective of the present 
      study was to characterize the effect of BSS on the pig immune system using in 
      vitro cell cultures first and to elucidate whether BSS possesses any in vivo 
      activity in fattener pigs after vaccination with porcine reproductive and 
      respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) modified life vaccine (MLV). Firstly, our in 
      vitro results showed that BSS increased viable peripheral blood mononuclear cell 
      (PBMC) numbers and it activated swine dendritic cells (DCs) in culture. Secondly, 
      pigs treated with phytosterols prior to vaccination with PRRSV-MLV vaccine 
      exhibited some changes in immunological parameters at different times 
      post-vaccination, such as the proliferation ability of PBMC after 
      phytohemaglutinin stimulation and increased apolipoprotein A1 plasma 
      concentration which may contribute to enhance PRRSV vaccine response. In 
      conclusion, the data in this report show that BSS can be considered an 
      immunomodulator in pigs.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Fraile, Lorenzo
AU  - Fraile L
AD  - Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat 
      Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. 
      lorenzo.fraile@prodan.udl.cat
FAU - Crisci, Elisa
AU  - Crisci E
FAU - Cordoba, Lorena
AU  - Cordoba L
FAU - Navarro, Maria A
AU  - Navarro MA
FAU - Osada, Jesus
AU  - Osada J
FAU - Montoya, Maria
AU  - Montoya M
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120514
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Int Immunopharmacol
JT  - International immunopharmacology
JID - 100965259
RN  - 0 (Apolipoprotein A-I)
RN  - 0 (Immunologic Factors)
RN  - 0 (Sitosterols)
RN  - 0 (Viral Vaccines)
RN  - 5LI01C78DD (gamma-sitosterol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animal Feed
MH  - Animals
MH  - Apolipoprotein A-I/blood
MH  - Dendritic Cells/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Female
MH  - Immunologic Factors/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - In Vitro Techniques
MH  - Leukocyte Count
MH  - Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
MH  - Male
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/immunology
MH  - Sitosterols/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Spain
MH  - Sus scrofa/blood/*immunology
MH  - Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage
EDAT- 2012/05/19 06:00
MHDA- 2012/10/26 06:00
CRDT- 2012/05/19 06:00
PHST- 2012/01/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/04/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/04/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/05/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/05/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/10/26 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1567-5769(12)00125-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.04.017 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int Immunopharmacol. 2012 Jul;13(3):316-21. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.04.017. 
      Epub 2012 May 14.