PMID- 22595727
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130812
LR  - 20120518
IS  - 0003-469X (Print)
IS  - 0003-469X (Linking)
VI  - 83
IP  - 3
DP  - 2012 May-Jun
TI  - Gastric cancer carcinogenesis and tumor progression.
PG  - 172-6
LID - S0003469X12019355 [pii]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the leading causes of 
      cancer-related deaths worldwide, even though a decline has been observed in its 
      incidence and the mortality rate in recent decades. Gastric carcinogenesis is a 
      complex phenomena involving multiple epigenetic and genetic factors; several 
      genetic, environmental and infectious agents interact causing a cumulative effect 
      in the early steps of gastric carcinogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The most 
      commonly used classifications of GC are the World Health Organization (WHO) and 
      the Lauren classifications which describes two main histological types, diffuse 
      and intestinal, which have different clinicopathological characteristics. Diffuse 
      cancer occurs more commonly in young patients, can be multifocal, is not often 
      accompanied by intestinal metaplasia and can be hereditary, in which E-cadherin 
      alteration plays a pivotal role. Intestinal type is more frequently observed in 
      older patients and follows multifocal atrophic gastritis. This is usually 
      accompanied by intestinal metaplasia and leads to cancer via dysplasia, and thus 
      intestinal metaplasia is considered a dependable morphological marker for GC 
      risk. Intestinal adenocarcinoma predominates in the high-risk areas whereas the 
      diffuse adenocarcinoma is more common in low-risk areas. DISCUSSION: Classically, 
      genetic instability and Helicobater pylori (H. Pylori) infection are often 
      identified in intestinal GC. The great majority of GCs are sporadic and result 
      from the cumulative effects of different environmental risk factors; smoking, 
      alcohol consumption and dietary habits have been addressed as significant. H. 
      Pylori infection and proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms represent other 
      features of this compound process that leads to the development of GC. Other 
      molecular pathway well described in GC is microsatellite instability (MSI) that 
      related with specific clinic-pathological features. CONCLUSION: In this review we 
      focused on the role of H. Pylori infection, MSI and alterations of CDH1 
      (E-Cadherin) gene.
FAU - Corso, Giovanni
AU  - Corso G
AD  - Dipartimento di Patologica Umana ed Oncologica, Sezione di Chirurgia Generale e 
      Oncologica, Universita di Siena, Italia.
FAU - Seruca, Raquel
AU  - Seruca R
FAU - Roviello, Franco
AU  - Roviello F
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Italy
TA  - Ann Ital Chir
JT  - Annali italiani di chirurgia
JID - 0372343
RN  - 0 (Cadherins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cadherins/genetics
MH  - Disease Progression
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Stomach Neoplasms/etiology/genetics/pathology
EDAT- 2012/05/19 06:00
MHDA- 2013/08/13 06:00
CRDT- 2012/05/19 06:00
PHST- 2012/05/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/05/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/08/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0003469X12019355 [pii]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ann Ital Chir. 2012 May-Jun;83(3):172-6.