PMID- 22611437
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120823
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1741-4288 (Electronic)
IS  - 1741-427X (Print)
IS  - 1741-427X (Linking)
VI  - 2012
DP  - 2012
TI  - Antinociceptive Activity of Methanol Extract of Muntingia calabura Leaves and the 
      Mechanisms of Action Involved.
PG  - 890361
LID - 10.1155/2012/890361 [doi]
LID - 890361
AB  - Muntingia calabura L. (family Elaeocarpaceae) has been traditionally used to 
      relieve various pain-related ailments. The present study aimed to determine the 
      antinociceptive activity of methanol extract of M. calabura leaves (MEMC) and to 
      elucidate the possible mechanism of antinociception involved. The in vivo 
      chemicals (acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction and formalin-, capsaicin-, 
      glutamate-, serotonin-induced paw licking test) and thermal (hot plate test) 
      models of nociception were used to evaluate the extract antinociceptive activity. 
      The extract (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg) was administered orally 60 min prior to 
      subjection to the respective test. The results obtained demonstrated that MEMC 
      produced significant (P < 0.05) antinociceptive response in all the chemical- and 
      thermal-induced nociception models, which was reversed after pretreatment with 
      5 mg/kg naloxone, a non-selective opioid antagonist. Furthermore, pretreatment 
      with L-arginine (a nitric oxide (NO) donor), N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl esters 
      (L-NAME; an inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS)), methylene blue (MB; an inhibitor of 
      cyclic-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway), or their combination also caused 
      significant (P < 0.05) change in the intensity of the MEMC antinociception. In 
      conclusion, the MEMC antinociceptive activity involves activation of the 
      peripheral and central mechanisms, and modulation via, partly, the opioid 
      receptors and NO/cGMP pathway.
FAU - Sani, M H Mohd
AU  - Sani MH
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, 
      Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
FAU - Zakaria, Z A
AU  - Zakaria ZA
FAU - Balan, T
AU  - Balan T
FAU - Teh, L K
AU  - Teh LK
FAU - Salleh, M Z
AU  - Salleh MZ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20120426
PL  - United States
TA  - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
JT  - Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
JID - 101215021
PMC - PMC3351243
EDAT- 2012/05/23 06:00
MHDA- 2012/05/23 06:01
PMCR- 2012/04/26
CRDT- 2012/05/22 06:00
PHST- 2011/12/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/02/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/02/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/05/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/05/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/05/23 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2012/04/26 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1155/2012/890361 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:890361. doi: 10.1155/2012/890361. 
      Epub 2012 Apr 26.