PMID- 22626598
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120810
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1534-4436 (Electronic)
IS  - 1081-1206 (Linking)
VI  - 108
IP  - 6
DP  - 2012 Jun
TI  - Allergen stabilities and compatibilities in mixtures of high-protease fungal and 
      insect extracts.
PG  - 439-47
LID - 10.1016/j.anai.2012.04.012 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Current practice guidelines state that protease-rich fungal and 
      insect extracts can be combined when preparing immunotherapy vaccines, but data 
      supporting the stability of allergens in these mixtures have not been reported. 
      OBJECTIVE: To determine the stabilities and compatibilities of Alternaria 
      alternata and German cockroach allergens in mixtures with other high-protease 
      fungal and insect (cockroach, imported fire ant) extracts at final extract 
      concentrations consistent with injection dose targets for maintenance 
      immunotherapy. METHODS: Mixtures containing Alternaria, German cockroach, and 
      other fungal and insect extracts frequently included in immunotherapy vaccines 
      were analyzed by a combination of quantitative analyses (enzyme-linked 
      immunosorbent assays for multiallergen immunoglobulin E [IgE]-binding potency, 
      major Alternaria allergen Alt a 1, and major German cockroach allergens Bla g 1 
      and Bla g 2) and qualitative methods (immunoblotting). Mixtures and analogous 
      single-extract controls containing 10 to 50% glycerin were evaluated after 
      storage for up to 12 months at 2 degrees C to 8 degrees C. RESULTS: Mixtures of extracts within 
      the same phylogenetic groups (fungal-fungal, insect-insect) retained favorable 
      Alternaria and German cockroach allergen levels and activities under most 
      conditions examined. For several cross-taxonomic (fungal-insect) extract 
      combinations at 10 to 25% glycerin concentrations, different immunochemical test 
      methods measuring single (major) or multiple allergens yielded threefold to 
      10-fold variations in allergen recoveries. CONCLUSION: Allergen compatibilities 
      can be compromised in some fungal-insect extract mixtures, contrary to current 
      immunotherapy practice parameter recommendations. Separation of these products 
      into different treatment vials may be required to produce stable mixtures for 
      subcutaneous immunotherapy. Data from assay methodologies with distinct binding 
      specificities provide a critical assessment of allergen activities in 
      high-protease extract mixtures.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by 
      Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Grier, Thomas J
AU  - Grier TJ
AD  - Research and Development Laboratory, Greer Laboratories Inc., Lenoir, NC 28645, 
      USA. tgrier@greerlabs.com
FAU - LeFevre, Dawn M
AU  - LeFevre DM
FAU - Duncan, Elizabeth A
AU  - Duncan EA
FAU - Esch, Robert E
AU  - Esch RE
FAU - Coyne, Terrance C
AU  - Coyne TC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol
JT  - Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American 
      College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
JID - 9503580
RN  - 0 (Allergens)
RN  - 0 (Fungal Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Insect Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Tissue Extracts)
RN  - 0 (allergen Bla g 1)
RN  - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E)
RN  - EC 3.4.- (Peptide Hydrolases)
RN  - EC 3.4.23.- (Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases)
RN  - EC 3.4.23.- (allergen Bla g 2)
RN  - PDC6A3C0OX (Glycerol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Allergens/*chemistry/immunology
MH  - Alternaria/immunology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases/chemistry/immunology
MH  - Cockroaches/immunology
MH  - Drug Incompatibility
MH  - Drug Stability
MH  - Drug Storage
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Fungal Proteins/*chemistry/immunology
MH  - Glycerol/chemistry
MH  - Immunoglobulin E/immunology
MH  - Insect Proteins/*chemistry/immunology
MH  - Peptide Hydrolases/*chemistry/immunology
MH  - Practice Guidelines as Topic
MH  - Refrigeration
MH  - Species Specificity
MH  - Tissue Extracts/*chemistry/immunology
EDAT- 2012/05/26 06:00
MHDA- 2012/08/11 06:00
CRDT- 2012/05/26 06:00
PHST- 2012/03/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/04/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/04/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/05/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/05/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/08/11 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1081-1206(12)00309-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.anai.2012.04.012 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2012 Jun;108(6):439-47. doi: 
      10.1016/j.anai.2012.04.012.