PMID- 22667684
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121221
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1528-8951 (Electronic)
IS  - 0148-0731 (Print)
IS  - 0148-0731 (Linking)
VI  - 134
IP  - 4
DP  - 2012 Apr
TI  - An in vitro fluid dynamic study of pediatric cannulae: the value of animal 
      studies to predict human flow.
PG  - 044501
LID - 10.1115/1.4006428 [doi]
AB  - A challenge to the development of pediatric ventricular assist devices (PVADs) is 
      the use of the aortic cannulae attached to the devices. Cannulae used for 
      pediatric application have small diameters and large pressure drops. Furthermore, 
      during the development of the 12cc Penn State pediatric PVAD, particle image 
      velocimetry (PIV) illustrated that hematocrit levels, through changes in blood 
      viscoelasticity, affected the fluid dynamics. The objective of this study is to 
      compare the fluid dynamics of a pediatric viscoelastic blood analog and a goat 
      viscoelastic blood analog within the PVAD aortic cannula. Two acrylic models were 
      manufactured to model the aortic cannula (6 mm and 8 mm diameters). PIV data was 
      collected to examine the flow at the outlet of the VAD and in the aortic cannula 
      at heart rates of 50 and 75 beats per minute (bpm). Three planes of data were 
      taken, one at the centerline and two 1.5 mm above and below the centerline. Three 
      more planes of data were taken orthogonal to the original planes. While a 75 bpm 
      heart rate was used to represent normal operating conditions, a 50 bpm heart rate 
      represented use of the PVAD during weaning. At 75 bpm, differences were evident 
      between the two different fluids and the two models. Separation zones developed 
      in the plane below the centerline for the higher hematocrit pediatric blood 
      analog. This study raises question to the usefulness of animal testing results in 
      regard to how well they predict the outcome of pediatric patients.
FAU - Long, Tobias C
AU  - Long TC
AD  - Department of Bioengineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 
      PA 16802, USA.
FAU - Pearson, Joseph J
AU  - Pearson JJ
FAU - Hankinson, Andrew C
AU  - Hankinson AC
FAU - Deutsch, Steven
AU  - Deutsch S
FAU - Manning, Keefe B
AU  - Manning KB
LA  - eng
GR  - N01HV48191/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - HV 48191/HV/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Biomech Eng
JT  - Journal of biomechanical engineering
JID - 7909584
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blood Pressure
MH  - *Catheters
MH  - Child
MH  - Goats
MH  - Heart Rate
MH  - *Heart-Assist Devices
MH  - Hematocrit
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hydrodynamics
MH  - Rheology
PMC - PMC3705856
EDAT- 2012/06/07 06:00
MHDA- 2012/12/22 06:00
PMCR- 2013/04/01
CRDT- 2012/06/07 06:00
PHST- 2012/06/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/06/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/12/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - BIO-11-1500 [pii]
AID - 10.1115/1.4006428 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Biomech Eng. 2012 Apr;134(4):044501. doi: 10.1115/1.4006428.