PMID- 22730040
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130410
LR  - 20240322
IS  - 1557-1904 (Electronic)
IS  - 1557-1890 (Print)
IS  - 1557-1890 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 3
DP  - 2012 Sep
TI  - Inflammation in patients with schizophrenia: the therapeutic benefits of 
      risperidone plus add-on dextromethorphan.
PG  - 656-64
LID - 10.1007/s11481-012-9382-z [doi]
AB  - Increasing evidence suggests that inflammation contributes to the etiology and 
      progression of schizophrenia. Molecules that initiate inflammation, such as 
      virus- and toxin-induced cytokines, are implicated in neuronal degeneration and 
      schizophrenia-like behavior. Using therapeutic agents with anti-inflammatory or 
      neurotrophic effects may be beneficial for treating schizophrenia. One hundred 
      healthy controls and 95 Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia were tested in 
      this double-blind study. Their PANSS scores, plasma interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumor 
      necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels 
      were measured before and after pharmacological treatment. Pretreatment, plasma 
      levels of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha were significantly higher in patients with 
      schizophrenia than in controls, but plasma BDNF levels were significantly lower. 
      Patients were treated with the atypical antipsychotic risperidone (Risp) only or 
      with Risp+ dextromethorphan (DM). PANSS scores and plasma IL-1beta levels 
      significantly decreased, but plasma TNF-alpha and BDNF levels significantly increased 
      after 11 weeks of Risp treatment. Patients in the Risp+ DM group showed a greater 
      and earlier reduction of symptoms than did those in the Risp-only group. 
      Moreover, Risp+ DM treatment attenuated Risp-induced plasma increases in TNF-alpha. 
      Patients with schizophrenia had a high level of peripheral inflammation and a low 
      level of peripheral BDNF. Long-term Risp treatment attenuated inflammation and 
      potentiated the neurotrophic function but also produced a certain degree of 
      toxicity. Risp+ DM was more beneficial and less toxic than Risp-only treatment. 
      CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Protocol Record: HR-93-50; TRIAL REGISTRATION 
      NUMBER: NCT01189006; URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov.
FAU - Chen, Shiou-Lan
AU  - Chen SL
AD  - Institute of Behavioral Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.
FAU - Lee, Sheng-Yu
AU  - Lee SY
FAU - Chang, Yun-Hsuan
AU  - Chang YH
FAU - Chen, Shih-Heng
AU  - Chen SH
FAU - Chu, Chun-Hsieh
AU  - Chu CH
FAU - Tzeng, Nian-Sheng
AU  - Tzeng NS
FAU - Lee, I-Hui
AU  - Lee IH
FAU - Chen, Po-See
AU  - Chen PS
FAU - Yeh, Tzung Lieh
AU  - Yeh TL
FAU - Huang, San-Yuan
AU  - Huang SY
FAU - Yang, Yen-Kuang
AU  - Yang YK
FAU - Lu, Ru-Band
AU  - Lu RB
FAU - Hong, Jau-Shyong
AU  - Hong JS
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01189006
GR  - ZIA ES090082-16/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120623
PL  - United States
TA  - J Neuroimmune Pharmacol
JT  - Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on 
      NeuroImmune Pharmacology
JID - 101256586
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
RN  - 7355X3ROTS (Dextromethorphan)
RN  - L6UH7ZF8HC (Risperidone)
SB  - IM
EIN - J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2012 Dec;7(4):1034. Hong, Jau-Shyong [added]
MH  - Adult
MH  - Dextromethorphan/*administration & dosage
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Drug Therapy, Combination
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/blood/drug therapy
MH  - Inflammation Mediators/*blood
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Risperidone/*administration & dosage
MH  - Schizophrenia/*blood/*drug therapy/*pathology
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC3611097
MID - NIHMS451828
COIS- Conflicts of interest None.
EDAT- 2012/06/26 06:00
MHDA- 2013/04/11 06:00
PMCR- 2013/03/29
CRDT- 2012/06/26 06:00
PHST- 2012/01/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/06/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/06/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/06/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/04/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/03/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s11481-012-9382-z [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2012 Sep;7(3):656-64. doi: 10.1007/s11481-012-9382-z. 
      Epub 2012 Jun 23.