PMID- 22739144
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121018
LR  - 20220409
IS  - 1532-6535 (Electronic)
IS  - 0009-9236 (Print)
IS  - 0009-9236 (Linking)
VI  - 92
IP  - 2
DP  - 2012 Aug
TI  - Optimizing drug outcomes through pharmacogenetics: a case for preemptive 
      genotyping.
PG  - 235-42
LID - 10.1038/clpt.2012.66 [doi]
AB  - Routine integration of genotype data into drug decision making could improve 
      patient safety, particularly if many relevant genetic variants can be assayed 
      simultaneously before prescribing the target drug. The frequency of opportunities 
      for pharmacogenetic prescribing and the potential adverse events (AEs) mitigated 
      are unknown. We examined the frequency with which 56 medications with known 
      outcomes influenced by variant alleles were prescribed in a cohort of 52,942 
      medical home patients at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC). Within a 
      5-year window, we estimated that 64.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): 64.4-65.2%) 
      of individuals were exposed to at least one medication with an established 
      pharmacogenetic association. Using previously published results for six 
      medications with severe, well-characterized, genetically linked AEs, we estimated 
      that 383 events (95% CI, 212-552) could have been prevented with an effective 
      preemptive genotyping program. Our results suggest that multiplexed, preemptive 
      genotyping may represent an efficient alternative approach to current single-use 
      ("reactive") methods and may also improve safety.
FAU - Schildcrout, J S
AU  - Schildcrout JS
AD  - Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, 
      TN, USA.
FAU - Denny, J C
AU  - Denny JC
FAU - Bowton, E
AU  - Bowton E
FAU - Gregg, W
AU  - Gregg W
FAU - Pulley, J M
AU  - Pulley JM
FAU - Basford, M A
AU  - Basford MA
FAU - Cowan, J D
AU  - Cowan JD
FAU - Xu, H
AU  - Xu H
FAU - Ramirez, A H
AU  - Ramirez AH
FAU - Crawford, D C
AU  - Crawford DC
FAU - Ritchie, M D
AU  - Ritchie MD
FAU - Peterson, J F
AU  - Peterson JF
FAU - Masys, D R
AU  - Masys DR
FAU - Wilke, R A
AU  - Wilke RA
FAU - Roden, D M
AU  - Roden DM
LA  - eng
GR  - U19 HL065962/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - TL1 RR024978/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - KL2 RR024977/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 1UL1 RR024975/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - RC2 GM092618/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 HG006378/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UL1 RR024975/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20120627
PL  - United States
TA  - Clin Pharmacol Ther
JT  - Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
JID - 0372741
SB  - IM
CIN - Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2013 Mar;93(3):233. PMID: 23232547
CIN - Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2013 Mar;93(3):234. PMID: 23249779
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - *Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/*genetics
MH  - Female
MH  - Genotype
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Patient Safety
MH  - Pharmacogenetics/*methods
MH  - Polymorphism, Genetic
PMC - PMC3785311
MID - NIHMS493549
COIS- Conflicts of interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
EDAT- 2012/06/29 06:00
MHDA- 2012/10/19 06:00
PMCR- 2013/09/27
CRDT- 2012/06/29 06:00
PHST- 2012/06/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/06/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/10/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/09/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - clpt201266 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/clpt.2012.66 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Aug;92(2):235-42. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2012.66. Epub 2012 
      Jun 27.