PMID- 22752097
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121023
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1475-3162 (Electronic)
IS  - 0003-4878 (Linking)
VI  - 56
IP  - 5
DP  - 2012 Jul
TI  - Evaluation of filter media for particle number, surface area and mass 
      penetrations.
PG  - 581-94
LID - 10.1093/annhyg/mes034 [doi]
AB  - The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) developed a 
      standard for respirator certification under 42 CFR Part 84, using a TSI 8130 
      automated filter tester with photometers. A recent study showed that photometric 
      detection methods may not be sensitive for measuring engineered nanoparticles. 
      Present NIOSH standards for penetration measurement are mass-based; however, the 
      threshold limit value/permissible exposure limit for an engineered nanoparticle 
      worker exposure is not yet clear. There is lack of standardized filter test 
      development for engineered nanoparticles, and development of a simple 
      nanoparticle filter test is indicated. To better understand the filter 
      performance against engineered nanoparticles and correlations among different 
      tests, initial penetration levels of one fiberglass and two electret filter media 
      were measured using a series of polydisperse and monodisperse aerosol test 
      methods at two different laboratories (University of Minnesota Particle 
      Technology Laboratory and 3M Company). Monodisperse aerosol penetrations were 
      measured by a TSI 8160 using NaCl particles from 20 to 300 nm. Particle 
      penetration curves and overall penetrations were measured by scanning mobility 
      particle sizer (SMPS), condensation particle counter (CPC), nanoparticle surface 
      area monitor (NSAM), and TSI 8130 at two face velocities and three layer 
      thicknesses. Results showed that reproducible, comparable filtration data were 
      achieved between two laboratories, with proper control of test conditions and 
      calibration procedures. For particle penetration curves, the experimental results 
      of monodisperse testing agreed well with polydisperse SMPS measurements. The most 
      penetrating particle sizes (MPPSs) of electret and fiberglass filter media were 
      ~50 and 160 nm, respectively. For overall penetrations, the CPC and NSAM results 
      of polydisperse aerosols were close to the penetration at the corresponding 
      median particle sizes. For each filter type, power-law correlations between the 
      penetrations measured by different instruments show that the NIOSH TSI 8130 test 
      may be used to predict penetrations at the MPPS as well as the CPC and NSAM 
      results with polydisperse aerosols. It is recommended to use dry air (<20% RH) as 
      makeup air in the test system to prevent sodium chloride particle deliquescing 
      and minimizing the challenge particle dielectric constant and to use an adequate 
      neutralizer to fully neutralize the polydisperse challenge aerosol. For a simple 
      nanoparticle penetration test, it is recommended to use a polydisperse aerosol 
      challenge with a geometric mean of ~50 nm with the CPC or the NSAM as detectors.
FAU - Li, Lin
AU  - Li L
AD  - Particle Technology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 
      111 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. llin@umn.edu
FAU - Zuo, Zhili
AU  - Zuo Z
FAU - Japuntich, Daniel A
AU  - Japuntich DA
FAU - Pui, David Y H
AU  - Pui DY
LA  - eng
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Ann Occup Hyg
JT  - The Annals of occupational hygiene
JID - 0203526
RN  - 0 (Aerosols)
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants, Occupational)
RN  - 0 (fiberglass)
RN  - 451W47IQ8X (Sodium Chloride)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aerosols/*analysis
MH  - Air Pollutants, Occupational/*analysis/chemistry/standards
MH  - Calibration
MH  - Equipment Design
MH  - Filtration/*instrumentation/standards/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Glass
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inhalation Exposure/prevention & control
MH  - Materials Testing/methods/*standards/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Nanoparticles/*analysis/chemistry/standards
MH  - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S./standards
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Photometry
MH  - Respiratory Protective Devices/standards
MH  - Sodium Chloride
MH  - Static Electricity
MH  - *Threshold Limit Values
MH  - United States
EDAT- 2012/07/04 06:00
MHDA- 2012/10/24 06:00
CRDT- 2012/07/04 06:00
PHST- 2012/07/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/07/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/10/24 06:00 [medline]
AID - mes034 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/annhyg/mes034 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ann Occup Hyg. 2012 Jul;56(5):581-94. doi: 10.1093/annhyg/mes034.