PMID- 22753612
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130821
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1477-092X (Electronic)
IS  - 1078-1552 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 1
DP  - 2013 Mar
TI  - Determination of exposure of dispensary drug preparers to cyclophosphamide by 
      passive sampling and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.
PG  - 31-7
LID - 10.1177/1078155212451196 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To determine cyclophosphamide exposure to preparers during tablet 
      crushing and subsequent handling by analyzing indoor air collected using a 
      high-performance volatile organic compounds-solvent desorption (VOC-SD) passive 
      air sampler. METHODS: The passive sampler was taped to the mask over the mouth of 
      the preparer and indoor air was collected during crushing and preparation of 
      cyclophosphamide tablets (Endoxan(R)). After collection, the carbon molecular sieve 
      adsorbent of the passive sampler was placed in a centrifuge tube, and 1 mL of 
      carbon disulfide was used to elute cyclophosphamide from the adsorbent. 
      Liquid-liquid extraction with 1 mL of water was performed, and the aqueous phase 
      was used as the test solution. Cyclophosphamide concentration was determined by 
      liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and tandem mass spectrometry detection. 
      RESULTS: Cyclophosphamide concentration was detected in the range of 7.6-157.7 
      ng/sampler. Our results showed that low-level exposure occurred near the mouth of 
      the preparer, which could present risks for long-term exposure, especially if 
      combined with multiple toxic drug exposures. CONCLUSION: The anticancer drug 
      monitoring methodology described here is a simple exposure assessment that can be 
      used to ensure the safety of hospital pharmacy tablet preparers. Furthermore, 
      since the anticancer drug exposure risk is very high for preparers, preparation 
      should be in hood or with face mask.
FAU - Wakui, Nobuyuki
AU  - Wakui N
AD  - Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi 
      University, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Ookubo, Tetuo
AU  - Ookubo T
FAU - Iwasaki, Yusuke
AU  - Iwasaki Y
FAU - Ito, Rie
AU  - Ito R
FAU - Mitui, Miyuki
AU  - Mitui M
FAU - Yano, Yuichi
AU  - Yano Y
FAU - Saito, Koichi
AU  - Saito K
FAU - Nakazawa, Hiroyuki
AU  - Nakazawa H
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20120702
PL  - England
TA  - J Oncol Pharm Pract
JT  - Journal of oncology pharmacy practice : official publication of the International 
      Society of Oncology Pharmacy Practitioners
JID - 9511372
RN  - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating)
RN  - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents)
RN  - 0 (Powders)
RN  - 0 (Solvents)
RN  - 0 (Tablets)
RN  - 0 (Volatile Organic Compounds)
RN  - 8N3DW7272P (Cyclophosphamide)
RN  - S54S8B99E8 (Carbon Disulfide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adsorption
MH  - *Air Pollution, Indoor
MH  - Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/*analysis/chemistry/toxicity
MH  - Carbon Disulfide/chemistry
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Cyclophosphamide/*analysis/chemistry/toxicity
MH  - Drug Compounding/methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunosuppressive Agents/*analysis/chemistry/toxicity
MH  - *Occupational Exposure
MH  - *Pharmacy Service, Hospital
MH  - Powders
MH  - Solubility
MH  - Solvents/chemistry
MH  - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
MH  - Tablets
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis/chemistry/toxicity
MH  - Workforce
EDAT- 2012/07/04 06:00
MHDA- 2013/08/22 06:00
CRDT- 2012/07/04 06:00
PHST- 2012/07/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/07/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/08/22 06:00 [medline]
AID - 1078155212451196 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/1078155212451196 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2013 Mar;19(1):31-7. doi: 10.1177/1078155212451196. Epub 
      2012 Jul 2.