PMID- 22778046
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130305
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1932-8737 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-9289 (Print)
IS  - 0160-9289 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 10
DP  - 2012 Oct
TI  - Aldosterone receptor antagonists in cardiovascular disease: a review of the 
      recent literature and insight into potential future indications.
PG  - 605-9
LID - 10.1002/clc.22025 [doi]
AB  - Randomized controlled trials demonstrate the efficacy of aldosterone receptor 
      antagonists (spironolactone and eplerenone) as a useful pharmacologic 
      intervention specifically in patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) 
      class III and IV heart failure, in patients with an ejection fraction <40% after 
      myocardial infarction, and most recently in patients with mildly symptomatic 
      heart failure. However, aldosterone receptor antagonists may be beneficial in a 
      broader patient population. Aldosterone receptor antagonists can potentially 
      serve as an antiarrhythmic pharmacologic agent for atrial and ventricular 
      arrhythmias, an anti-ischemic medication in coronary artery disease through 
      prevention of myocardial fibrosis and vascular damage, and as an agent in people 
      with asymptomatic and mild heart failure (NYHA classes I and II) and diastolic 
      heart failure. However, many clinicians remain reluctant to prescribe this highly 
      efficacious pharmacologic therapy for a variety of reasons, including concerns 
      about polypharmacy and hyperkalemia. Recent observational analysis demonstrates 
      that less than one-third of eligible patients hospitalized with heart failure 
      actually received aldosterone antagonist therapy. This article will review the 
      current and potential future uses of aldosterone receptor antagonists across the 
      entire spectrum of cardiovascular disease. The authors have no funding, financial 
      relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
CI  - (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - Markowitz, Mindy
AU  - Markowitz M
AD  - Division of Clinical Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lenox 
      Hill Hospital, New York, New York, USA. mindyfm@yahoo.com
FAU - Messineo, Frank
AU  - Messineo F
FAU - Coplan, Neil L
AU  - Coplan NL
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20120706
PL  - United States
TA  - Clin Cardiol
JT  - Clinical cardiology
JID - 7903272
RN  - 0 (Diuretics)
RN  - 0 (Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists)
RN  - 27O7W4T232 (Spironolactone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Arrhythmias, Cardiac/*drug therapy
MH  - Coronary Artery Disease/*drug therapy
MH  - Diuretics/*therapeutic use
MH  - Heart Failure/*drug therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists/*therapeutic use
MH  - Spironolactone/*therapeutic use
PMC - PMC6652403
EDAT- 2012/07/11 06:00
MHDA- 2013/03/06 06:00
PMCR- 2012/07/06
CRDT- 2012/07/11 06:00
PHST- 2012/03/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/05/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/07/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/07/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/03/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/07/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - CLC22025 [pii]
AID - 10.1002/clc.22025 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Cardiol. 2012 Oct;35(10):605-9. doi: 10.1002/clc.22025. Epub 2012 Jul 6.