PMID- 22796188
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130215
LR  - 20211203
IS  - 0006-3002 (Print)
IS  - 0006-3002 (Linking)
VI  - 1828
IP  - 1
DP  - 2013 Jan
TI  - Paracrine signaling through plasma membrane hemichannels.
PG  - 35-50
LID - S0005-2736(12)00234-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.07.002 [doi]
AB  - Plasma membrane hemichannels composed of connexin (Cx) proteins are essential 
      components of gap junction channels but accumulating evidence suggests functions 
      of hemichannels beyond the communication provided by junctional channels. 
      Hemichannels not incorporated into gap junctions, called unapposed hemichannels, 
      can open in response to a variety of signals, electrical and chemical, thereby 
      forming a conduit between the cell's interior and the extracellular milieu. Open 
      hemichannels allow the bidirectional passage of ions and small metabolic or 
      signaling molecules of below 1-2kDa molecular weight. In addition to connexins, 
      hemichannels can also be formed by pannexin (Panx) proteins and current evidence 
      suggests that Cx26, Cx32, Cx36, Cx43 and Panx1, form hemichannels that allow the 
      diffusive release of paracrine messengers. In particular, the case is strong for 
      ATP but substantial evidence is also available for other messengers like 
      glutamate and prostaglandins or metabolic substances like NAD(+) or glutathione. 
      While this field is clearly in expansion, evidence is still lacking at essential 
      points of the paracrine signaling cascade that includes not only messenger 
      release, but also downstream receptor signaling and consequent functional 
      effects. The data available at this moment largely derives from in vitro 
      experiments and still suffers from the difficulty of separating the functions of 
      connexin-based hemichannels from gap junctions and from pannexin hemichannels. 
      However, messengers like ATP or glutamate have universal roles in the body and 
      further defining the contribution of hemichannels as a possible release pathway 
      is expected to open novel avenues for better understanding their contribution to 
      a variety of physiological and pathological processes. This article is part of a 
      Special Issue entitled: The Communicating junctions, roles and dysfunctions.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Wang, Nan
AU  - Wang N
AD  - Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
FAU - De Bock, Marijke
AU  - De Bock M
FAU - Decrock, Elke
AU  - Decrock E
FAU - Bol, Melissa
AU  - Bol M
FAU - Gadicherla, Ashish
AU  - Gadicherla A
FAU - Vinken, Mathieu
AU  - Vinken M
FAU - Rogiers, Vera
AU  - Rogiers V
FAU - Bukauskas, Feliksas F
AU  - Bukauskas FF
FAU - Bultynck, Geert
AU  - Bultynck G
FAU - Leybaert, Luc
AU  - Leybaert L
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 HL084464/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS072238/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01NS072238/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01HL084464/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20120713
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Biochim Biophys Acta
JT  - Biochimica et biophysica acta
JID - 0217513
RN  - 0 (Connexins)
RN  - 0 (GJB2 protein, human)
RN  - 0U46U6E8UK (NAD)
RN  - 127120-53-0 (Connexin 26)
RN  - 3KX376GY7L (Glutamic Acid)
RN  - 8L70Q75FXE (Adenosine Triphosphate)
RN  - GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione)
RN  - K7Q1JQR04M (Dinoprostone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism/physiology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Membrane/*metabolism/physiology
MH  - Connexin 26
MH  - Connexins/*metabolism/physiology
MH  - Dinoprostone/physiology
MH  - Glutamic Acid/physiology
MH  - Glutathione/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Membrane Potentials
MH  - NAD/physiology
MH  - *Paracrine Communication
MH  - Protein Processing, Post-Translational
PMC - PMC3666170
MID - NIHMS434653
EDAT- 2012/07/17 06:00
MHDA- 2013/02/16 06:00
PMCR- 2013/05/29
CRDT- 2012/07/17 06:00
PHST- 2012/02/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/06/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/07/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/07/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/07/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/02/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0005-2736(12)00234-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.07.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Jan;1828(1):35-50. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.07.002. 
      Epub 2012 Jul 13.