PMID- 22805604
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130226
LR  - 20240322
IS  - 1740-634X (Electronic)
IS  - 0893-133X (Print)
IS  - 0893-133X (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 11
DP  - 2012 Oct
TI  - Increased glutamate levels in the medial prefrontal cortex in patients with 
      postpartum depression.
PG  - 2428-35
LID - 10.1038/npp.2012.101 [doi]
AB  - The medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) is a key brain area in depressive 
      symptomatology; specifically, glutamate (Glu) has been reported to play a 
      significant role in major depression (MD) in this area. MPFC Glu levels are 
      sensitive to ovarian hormone fluctuations and pregnancy and the postpartum period 
      are associated with the most substantial physiological alterations of female 
      hormones. It is therefore logical to measure MPFC Glu levels in women with 
      postpartum depression (PPD). Using in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) 
      at a field strength of 3 T, we acquired single-voxel spectra from the MPFC of 12 
      women with PPD and 12 healthy controls (HCs) matched for postpartum scan timing. 
      Water-referenced MPFC Glu levels were measured using a MRS technique that allowed 
      us to be specific for Glu with very little glutamine contamination. The 
      concentrations of other water-quantified brain metabolites such as 
      glycerophosphorylcholine plus phosphorylcholine, N-acetylaspartate (NAA), and 
      creatine plus phosphocreatine were measured in the same MR spectra. MPFC Glu 
      levels were higher in women with PPD (7.21+/-1.20) compared to matched HCs 
      (6.04+/-1.21). There were no differences between groups for other brain metabolites 
      measured. These findings suggest an association between Glu dysregulation in the 
      MPFC and PPD. Whether the pathophysiology of PPD differs from the pathophysiology 
      of MD remains to be determined. Further investigations are needed to determine 
      the chronological associations between the occurrence of symptoms of PPD and the 
      onset of changes in MPFC Glu levels.
FAU - McEwen, Alyssa M
AU  - McEwen AM
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
FAU - Burgess, Denee T A
AU  - Burgess DT
FAU - Hanstock, Christopher C
AU  - Hanstock CC
FAU - Seres, Peter
AU  - Seres P
FAU - Khalili, Panteha
AU  - Khalili P
FAU - Newman, Stephen C
AU  - Newman SC
FAU - Baker, Glen B
AU  - Baker GB
FAU - Mitchell, Nicholas D
AU  - Mitchell ND
FAU - Khudabux-Der, Janisse
AU  - Khudabux-Der J
FAU - Allen, Peter S
AU  - Allen PS
FAU - LeMelledo, Jean-Michel
AU  - LeMelledo JM
LA  - eng
GR  - Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120718
PL  - England
TA  - Neuropsychopharmacology
JT  - Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of 
      Neuropsychopharmacology
JID - 8904907
RN  - 107-73-3 (Phosphorylcholine)
RN  - 30KYC7MIAI (Aspartic Acid)
RN  - 3KX376GY7L (Glutamic Acid)
RN  - 60M22SGW66 (Glycerylphosphorylcholine)
RN  - 997-55-7 (N-acetylaspartate)
RN  - MU72812GK0 (Creatine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aspartic Acid/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Creatine/metabolism
MH  - Depression, Postpartum/*pathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Glutamic Acid/*metabolism
MH  - Glycerylphosphorylcholine/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
MH  - Phosphorylcholine/metabolism
MH  - Prefrontal Cortex/*metabolism
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC3442339
EDAT- 2012/07/19 06:00
MHDA- 2013/02/27 06:00
PMCR- 2013/10/01
CRDT- 2012/07/19 06:00
PHST- 2012/07/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/07/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/02/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - npp2012101 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/npp.2012.101 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuropsychopharmacology. 2012 Oct;37(11):2428-35. doi: 10.1038/npp.2012.101. Epub 
      2012 Jul 18.