PMID- 22813348
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121116
LR  - 20141120
IS  - 1528-1167 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9580 (Linking)
VI  - 53
IP  - 9
DP  - 2012 Sep
TI  - Cortical excitability decreases in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
PG  - 1546-53
LID - 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03599.x [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: We used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to investigate cortical 
      excitability changes in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), anticipating we would find 
      a marked increase in excitability compared to other patients with refractory 
      epilepsies. METHODS: Eighteen patients with LGS were studied. Motor threshold 
      (MT), short intracortical inhibition (paired pulse TMS at 2 and 5 msec 
      interstimulus intervals [ISIs]), intracortical facilitation (10 and 15 msec 
      ISIs), and long intracortical inhibition (100-300 msec ISIs) were measured. 
      Results were compared to those of 20 patients with chronic refractory idiopathic 
      generalized epilepsy (IGE), 20 patients with chronic refractory focal epilepsy, 
      and 20 healthy nonepilepsy controls. KEY FINDINGS: A significant decrease in 
      cortical excitability was observed in LGS compared to the other two groups with 
      refractory epilepsy as evidenced by increased MT and intracortical inhibition at 
      both short (2, 5 msec ISIs), and long (100-300 msec ISIs) as well as decreased 
      intracortical facilitation (10, 15 msec ISIs), (p < 0.01; effect sizes ranging 
      from 0.3 to 1.8). Cortical excitability was also lower in LGS compared to 
      nonepilepsy controls (increased MT and decreased intracortical facilitation; p < 
      0.05; effect sizes ranging from 0.5 to 0.9). SIGNIFICANCE: Interictal cortical 
      excitability is decreased in LGS; a feature that distinguishes it from other 
      refractory epilepsy syndromes. This decrease may be an important mechanism for 
      the neurobehavioral comorbidities associated with LGS.
CI  - Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (c) 2012 International League Against Epilepsy.
FAU - Badawy, Radwa A B
AU  - Badawy RA
AD  - Department of Clinical Neurosciences, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, 
      Australia. badawyr@unimelb.edu.au
FAU - Macdonell, Richard A L
AU  - Macdonell RA
FAU - Vogrin, Simon J
AU  - Vogrin SJ
FAU - Lai, Alan
AU  - Lai A
FAU - Cook, Mark J
AU  - Cook MJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20120719
PL  - United States
TA  - Epilepsia
JT  - Epilepsia
JID - 2983306R
RN  - Epileptic encephalopathy, Lennox-Gastaut type
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Evoked Potentials, Motor/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intellectual Disability/*diagnosis/*physiopathology/therapy
MH  - Lennox Gastaut Syndrome
MH  - Male
MH  - Motor Cortex/*physiology
MH  - Spasms, Infantile/*diagnosis/*physiopathology/therapy
MH  - *Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/methods
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2012/07/21 06:00
MHDA- 2012/12/10 06:00
CRDT- 2012/07/21 06:00
PHST- 2012/07/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/07/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/12/10 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03599.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Epilepsia. 2012 Sep;53(9):1546-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03599.x. Epub 
      2012 Jul 19.