PMID- 22818774
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121113
LR  - 20120807
IS  - 1873-3778 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9673 (Linking)
VI  - 1253
DP  - 2012 Aug 31
TI  - Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with programmed temperature 
      vaporization-large volume injection-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 
      for multiclass pesticides in water.
PG  - 134-43
LID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.06.089 [doi]
AB  - A simple solvent-less procedure for the determination of seventeen pesticides and 
      related compounds in environmental water and wastewater using dispersive 
      liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass 
      spectrometry in tandem (GC-MS/MS) with large-volume injection, having a 
      programmed temperature vaporizer (PTV-LVI), is described. The parameters 
      affecting the extraction efficiency of the target analytes from water samples 
      were systematically investigated. A response surface Doehlert design was used. 
      The best extraction conditions involved a rapid injection of a mixture of 1.9 mL 
      of acetonitrile (as a dispersant) and 178 muL of trichloroethane (as an 
      extractant) into 10 mL of water placed in a conical bottom glass tube. After 
      manually shaken for 3.0 min and centrifugation at 3600 rpm (5 min), 50 muL of the 
      sedimented phase was directly injected into the PTV-LVI-GC-MS/MS system. The 
      limits of quantitation (LOQs) ranged from 0.5 to 18 ng L(-)(1) for all pesticides, 
      except empentrin (132 ng L(-)(1)). The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for the 
      analytes ranged between 0.8 and 14.6% for both intraday and interday precision. 
      Accuracy, expressed as the mean extraction recovery, was between 70 and 130%. 
      Using the internal standard method and surrogate deuterated standards, the total 
      concentration of pesticides was in the range from 2.7 to 440 ng L(-)(1) in seawater, 
      river water and sewage water.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Carro, A M
AU  - Carro AM
AD  - Dpto. de Quimica Analitica, Nutricion y Bromatologia, Facultad de Quimica, 
      Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. de las Ciencias, s/n 15782 Santiago 
      de Compostela, Spain. tuchi.carro@usc.es
FAU - Fernandez, S
AU  - Fernandez S
FAU - Racamonde, I
AU  - Racamonde I
FAU - Garcia-Rodriguez, D
AU  - Garcia-Rodriguez D
FAU - Gonzalez, P
AU  - Gonzalez P
FAU - Lorenzo, R A
AU  - Lorenzo RA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120704
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr A
JT  - Journal of chromatography. A
JID - 9318488
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Sewage)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/*methods
MH  - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
MH  - Liquid Phase Microextraction/*methods
MH  - Osmolar Concentration
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis/*isolation & purification
MH  - Regression Analysis
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Seawater/chemistry
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Sewage/chemistry
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry/*methods
MH  - Temperature
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis/*isolation & purification
EDAT- 2012/07/24 06:00
MHDA- 2012/11/14 06:00
CRDT- 2012/07/24 06:00
PHST- 2012/03/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/06/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/06/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/07/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/07/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/11/14 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0021-9673(12)01009-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.06.089 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr A. 2012 Aug 31;1253:134-43. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.06.089. Epub 
      2012 Jul 4.