PMID- 22819929
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130104
LR  - 20181201
IS  - 1872-6240 (Electronic)
IS  - 0006-8993 (Linking)
VI  - 1473
DP  - 2012 Sep 14
TI  - Low frequency and intensity ultrasound induces apoptosis of brain glioma in rats 
      mediated by caspase-3, Bcl-2, and survivin.
PG  - 25-34
LID - 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.06.047 [doi]
AB  - Low frequency and intensity ultrasound (LFU) sonication can selectively induce 
      brain tumor cell apoptosis without damaging neural cells, while also enhancing 
      drug delivery to brain tumors. To explore the underlying mechanisms of related 
      pathways in LFU-induced apoptosis, we investigated the expression of proteins 
      associated with LFU-induced apoptosis. C6 cells were used for in vitro 
      experiments and C6 tumor-bearing rats were used during in vivo experiments. 
      3-[4.5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; thiazolyl blue 
      (MTT) assay was used to detect C6 cell viability in vitro. Terminal 
      deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis was 
      used to check the apoptotic cells, and they were counted and analyzed both in 
      vitro and in vivo. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to illustrate 
      the ultrastructure of apoptotic nuclei of cancer cells in vivo. The expressions 
      of caspase-3, Bcl-2, and survivin proteins were assessed by immunofluorescence, 
      immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis in vivo. C6 cell viability 
      decrease was statistically significant; the numbers of apoptotic C6 cells in the 
      LFU sonication groups were higher than those in the control group both in vitro 
      and in vivo. The expression of caspase-3 increased, yet the expressions of Bcl-2 
      and survivin decreased significantly 6h after LFU sonication, compared with the 
      control group in vivo. This study suggests that LFU can induce apoptosis in vitro 
      and in vivo, and that three signaling proteins, caspase-3, Bcl-2, and survivin, 
      might be involved in LFU-induced apoptosis.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Zhang, Zhen
AU  - Zhang Z
AD  - Department of Ultrasound, China Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, 
      Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China.
FAU - Chen, Jiang
AU  - Chen J
FAU - Chen, Lufeng
AU  - Chen L
FAU - Yang, Xianli
AU  - Yang X
FAU - Zhong, Hongshan
AU  - Zhong H
FAU - Qi, Xun
AU  - Qi X
FAU - Bi, Yonghua
AU  - Bi Y
FAU - Xu, Ke
AU  - Xu K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120720
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Brain Res
JT  - Brain research
JID - 0045503
RN  - 0 (Birc5 protein, rat)
RN  - 0 (Microtubule-Associated Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2)
RN  - 0 (Survivin)
RN  - EC 3.4.22.- (Casp3 protein, rat)
RN  - EC 3.4.22.- (Caspase 3)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Apoptosis/*physiology
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Brain Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/ultrastructure
MH  - Caspase 3/*metabolism
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Female
MH  - Fluorescent Antibody Technique
MH  - Glioma/*diagnostic imaging/ultrastructure
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - In Situ Nick-End Labeling
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
MH  - Microtubule-Associated Proteins/*metabolism
MH  - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/*metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Survivin
MH  - Ultrasonography
EDAT- 2012/07/24 06:00
MHDA- 2013/01/05 06:00
CRDT- 2012/07/24 06:00
PHST- 2011/12/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/06/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/06/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/07/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/07/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/01/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0006-8993(12)01133-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.06.047 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Brain Res. 2012 Sep 14;1473:25-34. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.06.047. Epub 2012 
      Jul 20.